[Cancer in the first 18 months of life].

Autor:	Urtasun Erburu A; Unidad Onco-Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España; Plataforma de Farmacogenética, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España; Servicio de Oncología y Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: Andreaurtasun10@hotmail.com., Herrero Cervera MJ; Plataforma de Farmacogenética, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España; Departamiento de Farmacología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España., Cañete Nieto A; Unidad Onco-Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España; Plataforma de Farmacogenética, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España; Departamiento de Pediatría, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España.
Jazyk:	Spanish; Castilian
Zdroj:	Anales de pediatria [An Pediatr (Engl Ed)] 2020 Dec; Vol. 93 (6), pp. 358-366. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Apr 14.
DOI:	10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.02.015
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Oncological-haematological disease continues to be the first cause of non-traumatic mortality in childhood, as well as a significant cause of morbidity. The patient less than 18-months-old has special clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features that all paediatricians are interested in determining, with the aim of achieving greater survival and a lower morbidity throughout the lives of their patients. Material and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out using the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic variables in patients less than 18-months-old diagnosed with an oncological-haematological that received chemotherapy in a Paediatric Oncology Unit between January 2007 and August 2019. Results: A total of 72 patients were diagnosed with 76 cancers that required chemotherapy. The most common cancer was leukaemia (21 patients), followed by neuroblastoma (15 patients), and tumours of the central nervous system (12 patients). The presentation of "life-threatening symptoms" was seen in 20.8% of cases, particularly in tumours of neural origin (13/15). Although 18% of patients showed no symptoms on diagnosis, just over half (51%) of the diagnoses took place in the "advanced stages". Particularly in the case of solid tumours in which 23.6% were diagnosed with metastases. A significant percentage of genetic alterations implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of the different cancers were found. Conclusions: Cancer in the first stages of life is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its phenotypical diversity, its genetic load, and its therapeutic difficulties. Knowledge of its particular features is essential for its early and effective approach. (Copyright © 2020. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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