Neuroinflammatory and Behavioral Outcomes Measured in Adult Offspring of Mice Exposed Prenatally to E-Cigarette Aerosols.

Autor: Church JS; Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Psychology and Education, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, USA., Chace-Donahue F; Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Psychology and Education, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, USA., Blum JL; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA., Ratner JR; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA., Zelikoff JT; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA., Schwartzer JJ; Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Psychology and Education, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental health perspectives [Environ Health Perspect] 2020 Apr; Vol. 128 (4), pp. 47006. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Apr 15.
DOI: 10.1289/EHP6067
Abstrakt: Background: In an effort to decrease the rates of smoking conventional tobacco cigarettes, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been proposed as an effective smoking cessation tool. However, little is known about their toxicological impacts. This is concerning given that e-cigarette use is perceived as less harmful than conventional tobacco cigarettes during pregnancy for both the mother and fetus.
Objective: The goal of this study was to test the neurodevelopmental consequences of maternal e-cigarette use on adult offspring behavior and neuroimmune outcomes.
Methods: Pregnant female CD-1 mice were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups ( n = 8 - 10   per   group ) and exposed daily to either filtered air, propylene glycol and vegetable glycerol (50:50 PG/VG vehicle), or to PG/VG with 16 mg / mL nicotine ( + Nic ). Whole-body exposures were carried out for 3 h/d, 7 d/week, from gestational day (GD)0.5 until GD17.5. Adult male and female offspring (8 weeks old) were assessed across a battery of behavioral assessments followed by region-specific quantification of brain cytokines using multiplex immunoassays.
Results: Adult offspring of both sexes exposed to + Nic exhibited elevated locomotor activity in the elevated plus maze and altered stress-coping strategies in the forced swim task. Moreover, male and female offspring exposed to PG/VG with and without nicotine had a 5.2% lower object discrimination score in the novel object recognition task. In addition to differences in offspring behavior, maternal e-cigarette exposure with nicotine led to a reduction in interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon-gamma ( IFN γ ) in the diencephalon, as well as lower levels of hippocampal IFN γ (females only). E-cigarette exposure without nicotine resulted in a 2-fold increase of IL-6 in the cerebellum.
Discussion: These findings support previous adverse findings of e-cigarette exposure on neurodevelopment in a mouse model and provide substantial evidence of persistent adverse behavioral and neuroimmunological consequences to adult offspring following maternal e-cigarette exposure during pregnancy. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6067.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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