The fate of carbon in a mature forest under carbon dioxide enrichment.

Autor: Jiang M; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia. m.jiang@westernsydney.edu.au., Medlyn BE; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia. b.medlyn@westernsydney.edu.au., Drake JE; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Department of Sustainable Resources Management, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA., Duursma RA; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Anderson IC; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Barton CVM; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Boer MM; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Carrillo Y; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Castañeda-Gómez L; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Collins L; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.; Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia., Crous KY; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., De Kauwe MG; ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.; Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.; Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Dos Santos BM; Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; VILLUM Research Center for Plant Plasticity, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Emmerson KM; Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia., Facey SL; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Gherlenda AN; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Gimeno TE; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Basque Centre for Climate Change, Leioa, Spain.; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain., Hasegawa S; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, Sweden., Johnson SN; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Kännaste A; Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia., Macdonald CA; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Mahmud K; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA., Moore BD; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Nazaries L; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Neilson EHJ; Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; VILLUM Research Center for Plant Plasticity, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Nielsen UN; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Niinemets Ü; Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia., Noh NJ; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Forest Technology and Management Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Pocheon, South Korea., Ochoa-Hueso R; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Department of Biology, IVAGRO, University of Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Cádiz, Spain., Pathare VS; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA., Pendall E; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Pihlblad J; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Piñeiro J; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA., Powell JR; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Power SA; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Reich PB; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA., Renchon AA; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Riegler M; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Rinnan R; Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Rymer PD; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Salomón RL; Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Singh BK; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Global Centre for Land Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Smith B; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.; Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden., Tjoelker MG; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Walker JKM; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Wujeska-Klause A; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Yang J; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Zaehle S; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany., Ellsworth DS; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2020 Apr; Vol. 580 (7802), pp. 227-231. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Apr 08.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2128-9
Abstrakt: Atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment (eCO 2 ) can enhance plant carbon uptake and growth 1-5 , thereby providing an important negative feedback to climate change by slowing the rate of increase of the atmospheric CO 2 concentration 6 . Although evidence gathered from young aggrading forests has generally indicated a strong CO 2 fertilization effect on biomass growth 3-5 , it is unclear whether mature forests respond to eCO 2 in a similar way. In mature trees and forest stands 7-10 , photosynthetic uptake has been found to increase under eCO 2 without any apparent accompanying growth response, leaving the fate of additional carbon fixed under eCO 2 unclear 4,5,7-11 . Here using data from the first ecosystem-scale Free-Air CO 2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment in a mature forest, we constructed a comprehensive ecosystem carbon budget to track the fate of carbon as the forest responded to four years of eCO 2 exposure. We show that, although the eCO 2 treatment of +150 parts per million (+38 per cent) above ambient levels induced a 12 per cent (+247 grams of carbon per square metre per year) increase in carbon uptake through gross primary production, this additional carbon uptake did not lead to increased carbon sequestration at the ecosystem level. Instead, the majority of the extra carbon was emitted back into the atmosphere via several respiratory fluxes, with increased soil respiration alone accounting for half of the total uptake surplus. Our results call into question the predominant thinking that the capacity of forests to act as carbon sinks will be generally enhanced under eCO 2 , and challenge the efficacy of climate mitigation strategies that rely on ubiquitous CO 2 fertilization as a driver of increased carbon sinks in global forests.
Databáze: MEDLINE