Taxation reduces smoking but may not reduce smoking disparities in youth.

Autor:	Fleischer NL; Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA nancyfl@umich.edu., Donahoe JT; Graduate School of Arts & Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA., McLeod MC; Biostatistics Core, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA., Thrasher JF; Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.; Tobacco Research, Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Levy DT; Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA., Elliott MR; Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA., Meza R; Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA., Patrick ME; Institute of Child Development and Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental Health, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Tobacco control [Tob Control] 2021 May; Vol. 30 (3), pp. 264-272. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Apr 08.
DOI:	10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055478
Abstrakt:	Objective: This study examines the extent to which cigarette taxes affect smoking behaviour and disparities in smoking among adolescents by gender, socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ethnicity. Methods: We used US nationally representative, repeated cross-sectional data from the 2005 to 2016 Monitoring the Future study to evaluate the relationship between state cigarette taxes and past 30-day current smoking, smoking intensity, and first cigarette and daily smoking initiation using modified Poisson and linear regression models, stratified by grade. We tested for interactions between tax and gender, SES and race/ethnicity on the additive scale using average marginal effects. Results: We found that higher taxes were associated with lower smoking outcomes, with variation by grade. Across nearly all of our specifications, there were no statistically significant interactions between tax and gender, SES or race/ethnicity for any grades/outcomes. One exception is that among 12th graders, there was a statistically significant interaction between tax and college plans, with taxes being associated with a lower probability of 30-day smoking among students who definitely planned to attend college compared with those who did not. Conclusion: We conclude that higher taxes were associated with reduced smoking among adolescents, with little difference by gender, SES and racial/ethnicity groups. While effective at reducing adolescent smoking, taxes appear unlikely to reduce smoking disparities among youth. Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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