Predicting disease risk areas through co-production of spatial models: The example of Kyasanur Forest Disease in India's forest landscapes.

Autor: Purse BV; UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, United Kingdom., Darshan N; Department of Health and Family Welfare Services, Government of Karnataka, Shivamogga, India.; ICMR-National Institute for Traditional Medicine, Belgavi, India., Kasabi GS; Department of Health and Family Welfare Services, Government of Karnataka, Shivamogga, India., Gerard F; UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, United Kingdom., Samrat A; Ashoka Trust for Ecology and the Environment, Bengaluru, India., George C; UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, United Kingdom., Vanak AT; Ashoka Trust for Ecology and the Environment, Bengaluru, India.; DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance Fellow, Hyderabad, India.; School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa., Oommen M; Ashoka Trust for Ecology and the Environment, Bengaluru, India.; Dakshin Foundation, Bangalore, India., Rahman M; Ashoka Trust for Ecology and the Environment, Bengaluru, India., Burthe SJ; UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., Young JC; UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France., Srinivas PN; Institute of Public Health, Bangalore, India., Schäfer SM; UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, United Kingdom., Henrys PA; UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, United Kingdom., Sandhya VK; Department of Health and Family Welfare Services, Government of Karnataka, Shivamogga, India., Chanda MM; ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, India., Murhekar MV; National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR), Chennai, India., Hoti SL; ICMR-National Institute for Traditional Medicine, Belgavi, India., Kiran SK; Department of Health and Family Welfare Services, Government of Karnataka, Shivamogga, India.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2020 Apr 07; Vol. 14 (4), pp. e0008179. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Apr 07 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008179
Abstrakt: Zoonotic diseases affect resource-poor tropical communities disproportionately, and are linked to human use and modification of ecosystems. Disentangling the socio-ecological mechanisms by which ecosystem change precipitates impacts of pathogens is critical for predicting disease risk and designing effective intervention strategies. Despite the global "One Health" initiative, predictive models for tropical zoonotic diseases often focus on narrow ranges of risk factors and are rarely scaled to intervention programs and ecosystem use. This study uses a participatory, co-production approach to address this disconnect between science, policy and implementation, by developing more informative disease models for a fatal tick-borne viral haemorrhagic disease, Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD), that is spreading across degraded forest ecosystems in India. We integrated knowledge across disciplines to identify key risk factors and needs with actors and beneficiaries across the relevant policy sectors, to understand disease patterns and develop decision support tools. Human case locations (2014-2018) and spatial machine learning quantified the relative role of risk factors, including forest cover and loss, host densities and public health access, in driving landscape-scale disease patterns in a long-affected district (Shivamogga, Karnataka State). Models combining forest metrics, livestock densities and elevation accurately predicted spatial patterns in human KFD cases (2014-2018). Consistent with suggestions that KFD is an "ecotonal" disease, landscapes at higher risk for human KFD contained diverse forest-plantation mosaics with high coverage of moist evergreen forest and plantation, high indigenous cattle density, and low coverage of dry deciduous forest. Models predicted new hotspots of outbreaks in 2019, indicating their value for spatial targeting of intervention. Co-production was vital for: gathering outbreak data that reflected locations of exposure in the landscape; better understanding contextual socio-ecological risk factors; and tailoring the spatial grain and outputs to the scale of forest use, and public health interventions. We argue this inter-disciplinary approach to risk prediction is applicable across zoonotic diseases in tropical settings.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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