The role of glia in Parkinson's disease: Emerging concepts and therapeutic applications.
| Autor: | Kuter KZ; Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: kuter@if-pan.krakow.pl., Cenci MA; Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden., Carta AR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy. Electronic address: acarta@unica.it. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Progress in brain research [Prog Brain Res] 2020; Vol. 252, pp. 131-168. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Mar 21. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.02.004 |
| Abstrakt: | Originally believed to primarily affect neurons, Parkinson's disease (PD) has recently been recognized to also affect the functions and integrity of microglia and astroglia, two cell categories of fundamental importance to brain tissue homeostasis, defense, and repair. Both a loss of glial supportive-defensive functions and a toxic gain of glial functions are implicated in the neurodegenerative process. Moreover, the chronic treatment with L-DOPA may cause maladaptive glial plasticity favoring a development of therapy complications. This chapter focuses on the pathophysiology of PD from a glial point of view, presenting this rapidly growing field from the first discoveries made to the most recent developments. We report and compare histopathological and molecular findings from experimental models of PD and human studies. We moreover discuss the important role played by astrocytes in compensatory adaptations taking place during presymptomatic disease stages. We finally describe examples of potential therapeutic applications stemming from an increased understanding of the important roles of glia in PD. (© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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