Studying the toxicity of SLE n S-LAS micelles to collembolans and plants: Influence of ethylene oxide units in the head groups.

Autor: Fernandes S; GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Center and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: saul.fernandes@fc.up.pt., Nogueira V; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, Portugal., Antunes F; Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal., Lopes I; Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal., Pereira R; GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Center and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, Portugal.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of hazardous materials [J Hazard Mater] 2020 Jul 15; Vol. 394, pp. 122522. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Mar 19.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122522
Abstrakt: Mixed micelles of linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (LAS) and ether sulfate-based surfactants (SLE n S) can be added in household products and cleaning agents. SLE n S with higher ethylene oxide (EO) units in the head groups have economic and environmental advantages. This work aims to assess the influence of the number of EO units in the ecotoxicity of seven variants of SLE n S-LAS micelles (0-50 EO units) in soils. Ecotoxicological tests were carried out to assess emergence and growth of four plants species and reproduction of collembolans. Most of the variants inhibited plants growth at the highest concentrations (1237.5 μg SLE n S kg -1 of soil dw ). For reproduction, lower number of EO units resulted in EC 50 from 924.2 (95 % CL: 760.7-1063.4) to 963.2 (95 % CL: 676.9-1249.6) μg SLE n S kg -1 of soil dw , whereas for higher number of EO units (50 and 30) no inhibition was reported. Based on these results, we suggest that a higher number of EO units contribute to less hazardous formulations, confirming that different designs of surfactants may contribute to changes in the responses of terrestrial organisms. Therefore, we demonstrate that standardized ecotoxicological assays may contribute to more sustainable and effective formulations, when used upstream, prior to manufacture and marketing.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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