Evaluation of a new Argovit as an antiviral agent included in feed to protect the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei against White Spot Syndrome Virus infection.

Autor: Romo-Quiñonez CR; Laboratorio Biotecnologia de Organismos Marinos, Programa de Acuicultura, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, La Paz, BCS, México., Álvarez-Sánchez AR; Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Quevedo, Los Rios, Ecuador., Álvarez-Ruiz P; Departamento de Acuicultura, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, I.P.N., Guasave, Sinaloa, México., Chávez-Sánchez MC; Unidad de Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Mazatlan, Sinaloa, México., Bogdanchikova N; Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ensenada, Baja California, México., Pestryakov A; Tomsk Polytechnical University, Tomsk, Russia., Mejia-Ruiz CH; Laboratorio Biotecnologia de Organismos Marinos, Programa de Acuicultura, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, La Paz, BCS, México.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PeerJ [PeerJ] 2020 Feb 27; Vol. 8, pp. e8446. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Feb 27 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8446
Abstrakt: In this study, four experimental assays were conducted to evaluate the use of a new silver nanoparticle formulation named Argovit-4, which was prepared with slight modifications to enhance its biological activity against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp culture. The goals of these assays were to (1) determine the protective effect of Argovit-4 against WSSV, (2) determine whether Argovit-4 supplemented in feed exhibits toxicity towards shrimp, (3) determine whether Argovit-4 as antiviral additive in feed can prevent or delay/reduce WSSV-induced shrimp mortality, and (4) determine whether Argovit-4 supplemented in feed alters the early stages of the shrimp immune response. In bioassay 1, several viral inocula calibrated at 7 SID 50 (shrimp infectious doses 50% endpoint) were exposed to 40, 100, 200 and 1,000 ng/SID 50 of Ag + and then intramuscularly injected into shrimp for 96 h. In bioassay 2, shrimp were fed Argovit-4 supplemented in feed at different concentrations (10, 100 and 1,000 µg per gram of feed) for 192 h. In bioassay 3, shrimp were treated with Argovit-4 supplemented in feed at different concentrations and then challenged against WSSV for 192 h. In bioassay 4, quantitative real-time RT-qPCR was performed to measure the transcriptional responses of five immune-relevant genes in haemocytes of experimental shrimp treated with Argovit-4 supplemented in feed at 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The intramuscularly injected Argovit-4 showed a dose-dependent effect ( p  < 0.05) on the cumulative shrimp mortality from 0-96 h post-infection. In the second bioassay, shrimp fed Argovit-4 supplemented in feed did not show signs of toxicity for the assayed doses over the 192-h experiment. The third and fourth bioassays showed that shrimp challenged with WSSV at 1,000 µg/g feed exhibited reduced mortality without altering the expression of some immune system-related genes according to the observed level of transcriptional. This study is the first show that the new Argovit-4 formulation has potential as an antiviral additive in feed against WSSV and demonstrates a practical therapeutic strategy to control WSSV and possibly other invertebrate pathogens in shrimp aquaculture.
Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests.
(©2020 Romo-Quiñonez et al.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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