Waste biomass valorization through production of xylose-based porous carbon microspheres for supercapacitor applications.

Autor: Waribam P; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand., Ngo SD; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand., Tran TTV; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand., Kongparakul S; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand., Reubroycharoen P; Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand., Chanlek N; Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI), 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand., Wei L; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China., Zhang H; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China., Guan G; Institute of Regional Innovation, Hirosaki University, Aomori 030-0813 Japan., Samart C; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: chanatip@tu.ac.th.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Waste management (New York, N.Y.) [Waste Manag] 2020 Mar 15; Vol. 105, pp. 492-500. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Mar 03.
DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.02.042
Abstrakt: Sequential potassium hydroxide (KOH)-phosphoric acid (H3PO4) activation was applied to biomass waste to fabricate activated carbon microspheres (mCMs) with a controllable porous structure. Carbon microspheres (CMs) were first synthesized from xylose using a bottom-up approach of hydrothermal carbonization. Sequential KOH and H 3 PO 4 activation was applied to the CMs in a KOH-carbon solid reaction. This created pores, which were further enlarged by adsorption of H 3 PO 4 . The KOH:carbon (C) and H 3 PO 4 :C molar ratios, and the H 3 PO 4 heating rate and activation time, were varied to investigate the effect on average pore size and pore distribution. A uniform porous structure was formed without destruction of the spherical shape, and an almost 700-fold increase in surface area was obtained over the non-activated CMs. Following activation with H 3 PO 4 , phosphorous groups were found to be present at the surface of the carbon microspheres. The mCM was tested as a supercapacitor electrode and was shown to have a maximum specific capacitance of up to 277F g -1 . A Ragone plot showed the maximum power density to be 173.88 W Kg -1 . This increased specific capacitance was attributed to the increase in surface area and the presence of phosphorous-containing acid sites on the material surface.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declared that there is no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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