| Autor: |
Stockdale TA; Mechanical and Materials Engineering Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States., Cole DP; U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Vehicle Technology Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States., Staniszewski JM; U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States., Roenbeck MR; Department of Marine Engineering, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, Kings Point, New York 11024, United States., Papkov D; Mechanical and Materials Engineering Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States.; Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States., Lustig SR; U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States.; Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States., Dzenis YA; Mechanical and Materials Engineering Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States., Strawhecker KE; U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States. |
| Abstrakt: |
The processing conditions used in the production of advanced polymer fibers facilitate the formation of an oriented fibrillar network that consists of structures spanning multiple length scales. The irregular nature of fiber tensile fracture surfaces suggests that their structural integrity is defined by the degree of lateral (interfacial) interactions that exist within the fiber microstructure. To date, experimental studies have quantified interfacial adhesion between nanoscale fibrils measuring 10-50 nm in width, and the global fracture energy through applying peel loads to fiber halves. However, a more in-depth evaluation of tensile fracture indicates that fiber failure typically occurs at an intermediate length scale, involving fibrillation along interfaces between fibril bundles of a few 100s of nanometers in width. Interaction mechanisms at this length scale have not yet been studied, due in part to a lack of established experimental techniques. Here, a new focused ion beam-based sample preparation protocol is combined with nanoindentation to probe interfaces at the intermediate length scale in two high-performance fibers, a rigid-rod poly( p -phenylene terephthalamide) and a flexible chain ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber. Higher interfacial separation energy recorded in the rigid-rod fiber correlated with less intensive fibrillation during failure and is discussed in the context of fiber chemistry and processing. Power law scaling of the total absorbed interfacial separation energy at three different scales in the polyethylene fiber is observed and analyzed, and distinct energy absorption mechanisms, featuring a degree of self-similarity, are identified. The contribution of these mechanisms to the overall integrity of the fiber is discussed, and the importance of the intermediate scale is elucidated. Results from this study provide new insights into the mechanical implications of hierarchical lateral interactions and will aid in the development of novel fibers with further improved mechanical performance. |
