Epidemic of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 analyzed by full genome sequences and the first case of oseltamivir-resistant strain in Myanmar 2017.

Autor: Kyaw Win SM; Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar., Saito R; Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar.; Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan., Win NC; Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar., Lasham DJ; Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar., Kyaw Y; Respiratory Medicine Department, Thingangyun Sanpya General Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar., Lin N; Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Section, Pyinmana General Hospital, Pyinmana Township, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar., Thein KN; Pediatric Ward 1, Yankin Children Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar., Chon I; Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan., Odagiri T; Department of Microbiology, Infectious diseases and Immunology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan., Thein W; National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar., Kyaw LL; National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar., Tin OS; National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar., Saitoh A; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan., Tamura T; Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata, Japan., Hirokawa C; Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata, Japan., Uchida Y; Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan., Saito T; Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan., Watanabe S; Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Odagiri T; Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan., Kamata K; Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar.; Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan., Osada H; Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar.; Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan., Dapat C; Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan., Watanabe H; Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar.; Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan., Tin HH; National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Mar 04; Vol. 15 (3), pp. e0229601. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Mar 04 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229601
Abstrakt: A community outbreak of human influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus strains was observed in Myanmar in 2017. We investigated the circulation patterns, antigenicity, and drug resistance of 2017 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses from Myanmar and characterized the full genome of influenza virus strains in Myanmar from in-patients and out-patients to assess the pathogenicity of the viruses. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from out-patients and in-patients with acute respiratory tract infections in Yangon and Pyinmana City in Myanmar during January-December 2017. A total of 215 out-patients and 18 in-patients infected with A(H1N1)pdm09 were detected by virus isolation and real-time RT-PCR. Among the positive patients, 90.6% were less than 14 years old. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers against A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in Myanmar were similar to the recommended Japanese influenza vaccine strain for 2017-2018 seasons (A/Singapore/GP1908/2015) and WHO recommended 2017 southern hemisphere vaccine component (A/Michigan/45/2015). Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin sequence showed that the Myanmar strains belonged to the genetic subclade 6B.1, possessing mutations of S162N and S164T at potential antigenic sites. However, the amino acid mutation at position 222, which may enhance the severity of disease and mortality, was not found. One case with no prior history of oseltamivir treatment possessed H275Y mutated virus in neuraminidase (NA), which confers resistance to oseltamivir and peramivir with elevated IC50 values. The full genome sequence of Myanmar strains showed no difference between samples from in-patients and out-patients, suggesting no additional viral mutations associated with patient severity. Several amino acid changes were observed in PB2, PB1, and M2 of Myanmar strains when compared to the vaccine strain and other Asian strains. However, no mutations associated with pathogenicity were found in the Myanmar strains, suggesting that viral factors cannot explain the underlying reasons of the massive outbreak in Myanmar. This study reported the first detection of an oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus in Myanmar, highlighting the importance of continuous antiviral monitoring and genetic characterization of the influenza virus in Myanmar.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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