The structural organization of Giardia intestinalis cytoskeleton.

Autor:	Gadelha APR; INMETRO-National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; UNIGRANRIO-University of Grande Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Benchimol M; UNIGRANRIO-University of Grande Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Biophysics Institute-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., de Souza W; UNIGRANRIO-University of Grande Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Biophysics Institute-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; CENABIO-National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging and National Institute of Science and Technology on Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: wsouza@biof.ufrj.br.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Advances in parasitology [Adv Parasitol] 2020; Vol. 107, pp. 1-23. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Oct 18.
DOI:	10.1016/bs.apar.2019.08.003
Abstrakt:	Giardia intestinalis, the causative agent of giardiasis, has complex cytoskeleton organization with structures involved in motility, adhesion, cell division, and cell differentiation. Microtubules are key components of the cytoskeleton and are the main elements of the ventral disc, median body, funis, in addition to four pairs of flagella. These cytoskeletal elements are basically stable microtubule arrangements. Although tubulins are the main proteins of these elements, molecular and biochemical analyses of Giardia trophozoites have revealed the presence of several new and not yet characterized proteins in these structures, which may contribute to their nanoarchitecture (mainly in the ventral disc). Despite these findings, morphological data are still required for understanding the organization and biogenesis of the cytoskeletal structures. In the study of this complex and specialized network of filaments in Giardia, two distinct and complementary approaches have been used in recent years: (a) transmission electron microscopy tomography of conventionally processed as well as cryo-fixed samples and (b) high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and helium ion microscopy in combination with new plasma membrane extraction protocols. In this review we include the most recent studies that have allowed better understanding of new Giardia components and their association with other filamentous structures of this parasite, thus providing new insights in the role of the cytoskeletal structures and their function in Giardia trophozoites. (© 2020 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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