Use of Insecticides in Agriculture and the Prevention of Vector-Borne Diseases: Population Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices and Beliefs in Elibou, South Côte d'Ivoire.

Autor:	N'Dri BP; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.; Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire., Heitz-Tokpa K; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.; Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire., Chouaïbou M; Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire.; Department of Entomology and Plant PathologyUniversity of North Carolina State, Raleigh, NC 27695-7508, USA., Raso G; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland., Koffi AJ; Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire., Coulibaly JT; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.; Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire.; Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 770, Abidjan 22, Cote d'Ivoire., Yapi RB; Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire.; Centre d'Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire, Université Alassane Ouattara, Bouaké, BP V 18, Bouaké 01, Cote d'Ivoire., Müller P; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland., Utzinger J; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Tropical medicine and infectious disease [Trop Med Infect Dis] 2020 Mar 01; Vol. 5 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Mar 01.
DOI:	10.3390/tropicalmed5010036
Abstrakt:	People's knowledge, attitudes, practices and beliefs (KAPB) pertaining to malaria are generally well described. However, little is known about population knowledge and awareness of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. The aim of this study was to investigate KAPB related to insecticide resistance in malaria vectors due to the use of insecticides in agriculture and the prevention against mosquitoes. In mid-2017, we carried out a cross-sectional survey in Elibou, South Côte d'Ivoire, employing a mixed methods approach. Quantitative data were obtained with a questionnaire addressed to household heads. Interviews were conducted with key opinion leaders, including village chiefs, traditional healers, heads of health centres and pesticide sellers. Focus group discussions were conducted with youth and elders. A total of 203 individuals participated in the questionnaire survey (132 males, 65%). We found that people had good knowledge about malaria and mosquitoes transmitting the disease, while they felt that preventing measures were ineffective. Pesticides were intensively used by farmers, mainly during the rainy season. Among the pesticides used, insecticides and herbicides were most commonly used. While there was poor knowledge about resistance, the interviewees stated that insecticides were not killing the mosquitoes anymore. The main reason given was that insecticides were diluted by the manufacturers as a marketing strategy to sell larger quantities. More than a third of the farmers used agricultural pesticides for domestic purposes to kill weeds or mosquitoes. We observed a misuse of pesticides among farmers, explained by the lack of specific training. In the community, long-lasting insecticidal nets were the most common preventive measure against malaria, followed by mosquito coils and insecticide sprays. The interviewees felt that the most effective way of dealing with insecticide resistance was to combine at least two preventive measures. In conclusion, population attitudes and practices related to insecticides used in agriculture and the prevention against mosquitoes could lead to resistance in malaria vectors, while people's knowledge about insecticide resistance was limited. There is a need to raise awareness in communities about the presence of resistance in malaria vectors and to involve them in resistance management. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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