Plasticity of the Reward Circuitry After Early-Life Adversity: Mechanisms and Significance.

Autor: Birnie MT; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California., Kooiker CL; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California., Short AK; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California., Bolton JL; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California., Chen Y; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California., Baram TZ; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California. Electronic address: tallie@uci.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Biological psychiatry [Biol Psychiatry] 2020 May 15; Vol. 87 (10), pp. 875-884. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Dec 24.
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.12.018
Abstrakt: Disrupted operation of the reward circuitry underlies many aspects of affective disorders. Such disruption may manifest as aberrant behavior including risk taking, depression, anhedonia, and addiction. Early-life adversity is a common antecedent of adolescent and adult affective disorders involving the reward circuitry. However, whether early-life adversity influences the maturation and operations of the reward circuitry, and the potential underlying mechanisms, remain unclear. Here, we present novel information using cutting-edge technologies in animal models to dissect out the mechanisms by which early-life adversity provokes dysregulation of the complex interactions of stress and reward circuitries. We propose that certain molecularly defined pathways within the reward circuitry are particularly susceptible to early-life adversity. We examine regions and pathways expressing the stress-sensitive peptide corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which has been identified in critical components of the reward circuitry and interacting stress circuits. Notably, CRF is strongly modulated by early-life adversity in several of these brain regions. Focusing on amygdala nuclei and their projections, we provide evidence suggesting that aberrant CRF expression and function may underlie augmented connectivity of the nucleus accumbens with fear/anxiety regions, disrupting the function of this critical locus of pleasure and reward.
(Copyright © 2019 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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