| Autor: |
Beasley JT; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia., Johnson AAT; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia., Kolba N; Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA., Bonneau JP; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia., Glahn RP; Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA., Ozeri L; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel., Koren O; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel., Tako E; Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA. elad.tako@ars.usda.gov. |
| Abstrakt: |
Wheat flour iron (Fe) fortification is mandatory in 75 countries worldwide yet many Fe fortificants, such as Fe-ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), result in unwanted sensory properties and/or gastrointestinal dysfunction and dysbiosis. Nicotianamine (NA) is a natural chelator of Fe, zinc (Zn) and other metals in higher plants and NA-chelated Fe is highly bioavailable in vitro. In graminaceous plants NA serves as the biosynthetic precursor to 2' -deoxymugineic acid (DMA), a related Fe chelator and enhancer of Fe bioavailability, and increased NA/DMA biosynthesis has proved an effective Fe biofortification strategy in several cereal crops. Here we utilized the chicken (Gallus gallus) model to investigate impacts of NA-chelated Fe on Fe status and gastrointestinal health when delivered to chickens through intraamniotic administration (short-term exposure) or over a period of six weeks as part of a biofortified wheat diet containing increased NA, Fe, Zn and DMA (long-term exposure). Striking similarities in host Fe status, intestinal functionality and gut microbiome were observed between the short-term and long-term treatments, suggesting that the effects were largely if not entirely due to consumption of NA-chelated Fe. These results provide strong support for wheat with increased NA-chelated Fe as an effective biofortification strategy and uncover novel impacts of NA-chelated Fe on gastrointestinal health and functionality. |
