Mediterranean Diet Increases Endothelial Function in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Autor:	Shannon OM; Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom., Mendes I; Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom., Köchl C; Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom., Mazidi M; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden., Ashor AW; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq., Rubele S; Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.; Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Verona, Italy., Minihane AM; Norwich Medical School, Bob Champion Research & Education, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom., Mathers JC; Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom., Siervo M; Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.; School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Journal of nutrition [J Nutr] 2020 May 01; Vol. 150 (5), pp. 1151-1159.
DOI:	10.1093/jn/nxaa002
Abstrakt:	Background: The endothelium plays a key role in the maintenance of vascular health and represents a potential physiological target for dietary and other lifestyle interventions designed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including stroke or coronary heart disease. Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MedDiet) on endothelial function. Methods: Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched from inception until January 2019 for studies that met the following criteria: 1) RCTs including adult participants, 2) interventions promoting the MedDiet, 3) inclusion of a control group, and 4) measurements of endothelial function. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted. Metaregression and subgroup analyses were performed to identify whether effects were modified by health status (i.e., healthy participants versus participants with existing comorbidities), type of intervention (i.e., MedDiet alone or with a cointervention), study duration, study design (i.e., parallel or crossover), BMI, and age of participants. Results: Fourteen articles reporting data for 1930 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Study duration ranged from 4 wk to 2.3 y. We observed a beneficial effect of the MedDiet on endothelial function [standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.35; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.53; P <0.001; I2 = 73.68%]. MedDiet interventions improved flow-mediated dilation (FMD)-the reference method for noninvasive, clinical measurement of endothelial function-by 1.66% (absolute change; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.17; P <0.001; I2 = 0%). Effects of the MedDiet on endothelial function were not modified by health status, type of intervention, study duration, study design, BMI, or age of participants (P >0.05). Conclusions: MedDiet interventions improve endothelial function in adults, suggesting that the protective effects of the MedDiet are evident at early stages of the atherosclerotic process with important implications for the early prevention of CVD. This study has the PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018106188. (Copyright © The Author(s) 2020.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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