| Autor: |
Hoang Thi TT; Biomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam., Pilkington EH; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia., Nguyen DH; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.; Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 01 TL29 District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam., Lee JS; Biomedical Engineering, Malone Engineering Center 402A, Yale University, 55 Prospect St. New Haven, CT 06511, USA., Park KD; Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea., Truong NP; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. |
| Abstrakt: |
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is widely used as a gold standard in bioconjugation and nanomedicine to prolong blood circulation time and improve drug efficacy. The conjugation of PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides (DNA, small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA)) and nanoparticles is a well-established technique known as PEGylation, with PEGylated products have been using in clinics for the last few decades. However, it is increasingly recognized that treating patients with PEGylated drugs can lead to the formation of antibodies that specifically recognize and bind to PEG (i.e., anti-PEG antibodies). Anti-PEG antibodies are also found in patients who have never been treated with PEGylated drugs but have consumed products containing PEG. Consequently, treating patients who have acquired anti-PEG antibodies with PEGylated drugs results in accelerated blood clearance, low drug efficacy, hypersensitivity, and, in some cases, life-threatening side effects. In this succinct review, we collate recent literature to draw the attention of polymer chemists to the issue of PEG immunogenicity in drug delivery and bioconjugation, thereby highlighting the importance of developing alternative polymers to replace PEG. Several promising yet imperfect alternatives to PEG are also discussed. To achieve asatisfactory alternative, further joint efforts of polymer chemists and scientists in related fields are urgently needed to design, synthesize and evaluate new alternatives to PEG. |
