Periodontal status, vascular reactivity, and platelet aggregation changes in rats submitted to hypercholesterolemic diet and periodontitis.

Autor: Silva NLC; Laboratory of Studies in Experimental Pharmacology (LEFEx), Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Motta NAV; Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil., Soares MA; Laboratory of Studies in Experimental Pharmacology (LEFEx), Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Araujo OMO; Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Nuclear Engineering Program (PEN), Institute Alberto Luiz de Coimbra of Post-Graduation and Research in Engineering (COPPE-UFRJ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Espíndola LCP; Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Colombo APV; Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Lopes RT; Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Nuclear Engineering Program (PEN), Institute Alberto Luiz de Coimbra of Post-Graduation and Research in Engineering (COPPE-UFRJ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Brito FCF; Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil., Miranda ALP; Laboratory of Studies in Experimental Pharmacology (LEFEx), Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Tributino JLM; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (LFM), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of periodontal research [J Periodontal Res] 2020 Jun; Vol. 55 (3), pp. 453-463. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 28.
DOI: 10.1111/jre.12730
Abstrakt: Background and Objectives: Periodontitis can corroborate with development and progression of atherosclerosis and a possible bidirectional interaction between both pathologies has been hypothesized. The aim of this work was to study the interactions between diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and ligature-induced periodontitis in Wistar rats submitted to both conditions.
Material and Methods: Animals were divided into four experimental groups: C (control: standard diet without periodontitis), Perio (periodontitis plus standard diet), HC (high cholesterol diet without periodontitis), and HC + Perio (high cholesterol diet plus periodontitis). The diets were offered for 45 days and a silk ligature was applied in the lower first molars of Perio and HC-Perio animals on day 34 and maintained for 11 days until euthanasia. The mandibles were excised, and alveolar bone loss was determined by macroscopic and micro-tomographic (µ-CT) imaging. Blood samples were obtained, and platelet aggregation was induced in plasma rich in platelets by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen. Endothelium-dependent vascular reactivity and protein expression of endothelial (eNOS), phosphorylated endothelial (peNOS), and inducible (iNOS) nitric oxide synthases were evaluated in aorta samples.
Results: The HC diet combined with periodontitis (HC + Perio group) was associated with an increased alveolar bone loss, when compared to the other groups. Both in Perio and HC groups, platelet aggregation induced by ADP or collagen was increased, while maximum aortic relaxation induced by acetylcholine was decreased. Periodontitis or HC diet alone decreased the expression of peNOS and HC diet increased the expression of iNOS. In contrast, no additive or synergistic effects were found in vascular reactivity or in platelet aggregation when the two conditions were associated (HC + Perio group).
Conclusion: Hypercholesterolemia accelerated the process of bone loss induced by periodontitis while a high cholesterol diet or periodontitis individually increased platelet aggregation and vascular reactivity in rats without additive or synergistic effects, when associated.
(© 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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