Chitinases of Bacillus thuringiensis : Phylogeny, Modular Structure, and Applied Potentials.

Autor:	Martínez-Zavala SA; Graduate Program in Biosciences, Life Science Division, University of Guanajuato Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Guanajuato, Mexico., Barboza-Pérez UE; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., Hernández-Guzmán G; Graduate Program in Biosciences, Life Science Division, University of Guanajuato Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Guanajuato, Mexico.; Department of Biological Sciences, California Baptist University, Riverside, CA, United States., Bideshi DK; Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States.; Food Department, Life Science Division, University of Guanajuato Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Guanajuato, Mexico., Barboza-Corona JE; Graduate Program in Biosciences, Life Science Division, University of Guanajuato Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Guanajuato, Mexico.; Department of Biological Sciences, California Baptist University, Riverside, CA, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in microbiology [Front Microbiol] 2020 Jan 14; Vol. 10, pp. 3032. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 14 (Print Publication: 2019).
DOI:	10.3389/fmicb.2019.03032
Abstrakt:	The most important bioinsecticide used worldwide is Bacillus thuringiensis and its hallmark is a rich variety of insecticidal Cry protein, many of which have been genetically engineered for expression in transgenic crops. Over the past 20 years, the discovery of other insecticidal proteins and metabolites synthesized by B. thuringiensis , including chitinases, antimicrobial peptides, vegetative insecticidal proteins (VIP), and siderophores, has expanded the applied value of this bacterium for use as an antibacterial, fungicidal, and nematicidal resource. These properties allow us to view B. thuringiensis not only as an entity for the production of a particular metabolite, but also as a multifaceted microbial factory. In particular, chitinases of B. thuringiensis are secreted enzymes that hydrolyze chitin, an abundant molecule in the biosphere, second only to cellulose. The observation that chitinases increase the insecticidal activity of Cry proteins has stimulated further study of these enzymes produced by B. thuringiensis . Here, we provide a review of a subset of our knowledge of B. thuringiensis chitinases as it relates to their phylogenetic relationships, regulation of expression, biotechnological potential for controlling entomopathogens, fungi, and nematodes, and their use in generating chitin-derived oligosaccharides (ChOGs) that possess antibacterial activities against a number of clinically significant bacterial pathogens. Recent advances in the structural organization of these enzymes are also discussed, as are our perspective for future studies. (Copyright © 2020 Martínez-Zavala, Barboza-Pérez, Hernández-Guzmán, Bideshi and Barboza-Corona.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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