Hyperactivation of sympathetic nerves drives depletion of melanocyte stem cells.

Autor: Zhang B; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA., Ma S; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Biology and Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA., Rachmin I; Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA., He M; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA., Baral P; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Choi S; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA., Gonçalves WA; Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., Shwartz Y; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA., Fast EM; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Su Y; Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA., Zon LI; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA., Regev A; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Biology and Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA., Buenrostro JD; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA., Cunha TM; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases (CRID), Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil., Chiu IM; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Fisher DE; Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA., Hsu YC; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. yachieh_hsu@harvard.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2020 Jan; Vol. 577 (7792), pp. 676-681. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 22.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-1935-3
Abstrakt: Empirical and anecdotal evidence has associated stress with accelerated hair greying (formation of unpigmented hairs) 1,2 , but so far there has been little scientific validation of this link. Here we report that, in mice, acute stress leads to hair greying through the fast depletion of melanocyte stem cells. Using a combination of adrenalectomy, denervation, chemogenetics 3,4 , cell ablation and knockout of the adrenergic receptor specifically in melanocyte stem cells, we find that the stress-induced loss of melanocyte stem cells is independent of immune attack or adrenal stress hormones. Instead, hair greying results from activation of the sympathetic nerves that innervate the melanocyte stem-cell niche. Under conditions of stress, the activation of these sympathetic nerves leads to burst release of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline (also known as norepinephrine). This causes quiescent melanocyte stem cells to proliferate rapidly, and is followed by their differentiation, migration and permanent depletion from the niche. Transient suppression of the proliferation of melanocyte stem cells prevents stress-induced hair greying. Our study demonstrates that neuronal activity that is induced by acute stress can drive a rapid and permanent loss of somatic stem cells, and illustrates an example in which the maintenance of somatic stem cells is directly influenced by the overall physiological state of the organism.
Databáze: MEDLINE