Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet and a Single Bout of Exercise on Glucose Tolerance, Lipid Profile and Endothelial Function in Normal Weight Young Healthy Females.

Autor:	Valsdottir TD; Department of Medicine, Atlantis Medical University College, Oslo, Norway.; Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway., Henriksen C; Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Odden N; Department of Nutrition, Atlantis Medical University College, Oslo, Norway., Nellemann B; Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway., Jeppesen PB; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark., Hisdal J; Oslo Vascular Center, Department of Vascular Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway., Westerberg AC; Department of Nutrition, Atlantis Medical University College, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway., Jensen J; Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in physiology [Front Physiol] 2019 Dec 19; Vol. 10, pp. 1499. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Dec 19 (Print Publication: 2019).
DOI:	10.3389/fphys.2019.01499
Abstrakt:	Low-carbohydrate-high-fat (LCHF) diets are efficient for weight loss, and are also used by healthy people to maintain bodyweight. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 3-week energy-balanced LCHF-diet, with >75 percentage energy (E%) from fat, on glucose tolerance and lipid profile in normal weight, young, healthy women. The second aim of the study was to investigate if a bout of exercise would prevent any negative effect of LCHF-diet on glucose tolerance. Seventeen females participated, age 23.5 ± 0.5 years; body mass index 21.0 ± 0.4 kg/m 2 , with a mean dietary intake of 78 ± 1 E% fat, 19 ± 1 E% protein and 3 ± 0 E% carbohydrates. Measurements were performed at baseline and post-intervention. Fasting glucose decreased from 4.7 ± 0.1 to 4.4 mmol/L ( p < 0.001) during the dietary intervention whereas fasting insulin was unaffected. Glucose area under the curve (AUC) and insulin AUC did not change during an OGTT after the intervention. Before the intervention, a bout of aerobic exercise reduced fasting glucose (4.4 ± 0.1 mmol/L, p < 0.001) and glucose AUC (739 ± 41 to 661 ± 25, p = 0.008) during OGTT the following morning. After the intervention, exercise did not reduce fasting glucose the following morning, and glucose AUC during an OGTT increased compared to the day before (789 ± 43 to 889 ± 40 mmol/L∙120min -1 , p = 0.001). AUC for insulin was unaffected. The dietary intervention increased total cholesterol ( p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein ( p ≤ 0.001), high-density lipoprotein ( p = 0.011), triglycerides ( p = 0.035), and free fatty acids ( p = 0.021). In conclusion, 3-week LCHF-diet reduced fasting glucose, while glucose tolerance was unaffected. A bout of exercise post-intervention did not decrease AUC glucose as it did at baseline. Total cholesterol increased, mainly due to increments in low-density lipoprotein. LCHF-diets should be further evaluated and carefully considered for healthy individuals. (Copyright © 2019 Valsdottir, Henriksen, Odden, Nellemann, Jeppesen, Hisdal, Westerberg and Jensen.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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