| Autor: |
Keresztesi Á; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság 6, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.; Department of Bioengineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Piaţa Libertăţii 1, 530104, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania.; Institute for Research and Development for Hunting and Mountain Resources, Progresului 35B, 530240, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania., Nita IA; Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Bulevardul Carol I 11, 700506, Iași, Romania.; National Meteorology Administration, Soseaua București-Ploiești 97, District 1, 013686, Bucharest, Romania., Birsan MV; National Meteorology Administration, Soseaua București-Ploiești 97, District 1, 013686, Bucharest, Romania., Bodor Z; Department of Bioengineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Piaţa Libertăţii 1, 530104, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania., Szép R; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság 6, Pécs, 7624, Hungary. szeprobert@uni.sapientia.ro.; Department of Bioengineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Piaţa Libertăţii 1, 530104, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania. szeprobert@uni.sapientia.ro.; Institute for Research and Development for Hunting and Mountain Resources, Progresului 35B, 530240, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania. szeprobert@uni.sapientia.ro. |
| Abstrakt: |
The aim of this study is the assessment of rainwater composition, regarding the various sources of major ions and heavy metals, taking into account the characteristic atmospheric circulations and the main air mass transport routes. Rainwater samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, major ions, and heavy metals. At all sampling sites, the most abundant anions were SO 4 2- and Cl-, while the dominant cations were Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ . Regarding heavy metals, the dominance of Pb and Cd was found. The contribution of soil dust from the mining activities and the dissolution of CaCO 3 , MgCO 3 , and CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O in the rainwater explains the high concentrations of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and SO 4 2- . The overall precipitation contamination with heavy metals at the three sampling sites was assessed by the degree of contamination, showing that Pb and Cd presents the highest risks of all heavy metals. The values of toxicity potential suggested an elevated risk for human health in case of rainwater ingestion, especially in rural areas. Spearman correlation and PCA indicated that the chemical characteristic of the rainwater is primarily controlled by sources such as agricultural activities, mixed and crustal sources, traffic, and other anthropogenic, industrial influences, mining activities, smelting operations, coal combustion, and metal production. |
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