Aging of biochar-based fertilizers in soil: Effects on phosphorus pools and availability to Urochloa brizantha grass.

Autor: Lustosa Filho JF; Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil., Carneiro JSDS; Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil., Barbosa CF; Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil., de Lima KP; Department of Statistics, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil., Leite ADA; Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil., Melo LCA; Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: leonidas.melo@ufla.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2020 Mar 20; Vol. 709, pp. 136028. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Dec 15.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136028
Abstrakt: Water-soluble phosphate fertilizers release phosphorus (P) to soils promptly, causing P fixation and low plant availability in highly weathered tropical soils. Therefore, the development of strategies to improve P use efficiency is needed. We hypothesized that biochar-based fertilizers (BBFs) can provide available P to plants and improve P use efficiency when compared with soluble fertilizers. Thus, triple superphosphate (TSP) and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) were pyrolyzed with and without magnesium oxide (MgO) and poultry litter to produce slow-release P BBFs. A pot experiment under greenhouse conditions was performed to evaluate agronomic efficiency of BBFs compared with TSP in an Oxisol. The treatments were incubated over 100 days after the application of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg kg - 1 of P. Three controls were used, including 200 mg kg - 1 of P as TSP incubated for 100 days (named TSP incubation ) and applied immediately before sowing (named TSP planting ) and a negative control (without P). Marandu grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) was cultivated in pots for three cycles of 40 days each. After cultivation, a sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the P distribution among different P pools. The shoot dry matter yield in the first cropping cycle was higher at the highest P rate for TSP planting . PLB-H 3 PO 4 -MgO showed 9% increase in the shoot dry matter when compared with TSP incubation in the first cropping cycle. In subsequent cropping cycles, all BBFs promoted higher biomass yield when compared with TSP planting . There was an increase in the labile and moderately labile P fractions in soil after cultivation with PLB-TSP. The results suggest that BBFs can enhance P use efficiency in tropical soils in the middle- to long-term run due to slow-release profile that prevent P fixation and promote higher residual effect of fertilization.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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