Cleaning up seas using blue growth initiatives: Mussel farming for eutrophication control in the Baltic Sea.

Autor: Kotta J; Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 14, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia. Electronic address: jonne@sea.ee., Futter M; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden., Kaasik A; Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 14, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia., Liversage K; Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 14, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia., Rätsep M; Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 14, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia., Barboza FR; GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, DE-24105 Kiel, Germany., Bergström L; Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skolgatan 6, SE-74242 Öregrund, Sweden., Bergström P; Department of Marine Sciences - Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Tjärnö, SE-45296 Strömstad, Sweden., Bobsien I; GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, DE-24105 Kiel, Germany., Díaz E; Novia University of Applied Sciences, Raseborgsvägen 9, 10600 Ekenäs, Finland., Herkül K; Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 14, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia., Jonsson PR; Department of Marine Sciences - Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Tjärnö, SE-45296 Strömstad, Sweden; Environmental and Marine Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Finland., Korpinen S; Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, FIN-00790 Helsinki, Finland., Kraufvelin P; Novia University of Applied Sciences, Raseborgsvägen 9, 10600 Ekenäs, Finland., Krost P; Coastal Research and Management, Tiessenkai 12, D-24159 Kiel, Germany., Lindahl O; Musselfeed AB, Hallgrens väg 3, SE-47431 Ellös, Sweden., Lindegarth M; Department of Marine Sciences - Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Tjärnö, SE-45296 Strömstad, Sweden., Lyngsgaard MM; Orbicon, Department for Nature and Environment, Jens Juuls vej 16, 8260 Viby J., Denmark., Mühl M; Coastal Research and Management, Tiessenkai 12, D-24159 Kiel, Germany., Sandman AN; AquaBiota Water Research, Löjtnantsgatan 25, SE-11550 Stockholm, Sweden., Orav-Kotta H; Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 14, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia., Orlova M; Sankt-Petersburg Research Centre of Russian Academy of Science, University embankment 5, 199034 St.-Petersburg, Russia., Skov H; DHI, Agern Alle 5, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark., Rissanen J; Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, FIN-00790 Helsinki, Finland., Šiaulys A; Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, Universiteto ave. 17, LT-92294 Klaipėda, Lithuania., Vidakovic A; Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7024, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden., Virtanen E; Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, FIN-00790 Helsinki, Finland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2020 Mar 20; Vol. 709, pp. 136144. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Dec 19.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136144
Abstrakt: Eutrophication is a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems globally with pronounced negative effects in the Baltic and other semi-enclosed estuaries and regional seas, where algal growth associated with excess nutrients causes widespread oxygen free "dead zones" and other threats to sustainability. Decades of policy initiatives to reduce external (land-based and atmospheric) nutrient loads have so far failed to control Baltic Sea eutrophication, which is compounded by significant internal release of legacy phosphorus (P) and biological nitrogen (N) fixation. Farming and harvesting of the native mussel species (Mytilus edulis/trossulus) is a promising internal measure for eutrophication control in the brackish Baltic Sea. Mussels from the more saline outer Baltic had higher N and P content than those from either the inner or central Baltic. Despite their relatively low nutrient content, harvesting farmed mussels from the central Baltic can be a cost-effective complement to land-based measures needed to reach eutrophication status targets and is an important contributor to circularity. Cost effectiveness of nutrient removal is more dependent on farm type than mussel nutrient content, suggesting the need for additional development of farm technology. Furthermore, current regulations are not sufficiently conducive to implementation of internal measures, and may constitute a bottleneck for reaching eutrophication status targets in the Baltic Sea and elsewhere.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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