| Autor: |
Chashchin V; Arctic Biomonitoring Laboratory, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia.; Northwest Public Health Research Center, 191031 St. Petersburg, Russia.; Laboratory of Arctic Medicine, Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia.; National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia., Kovshov AA; Northwest Public Health Research Center, 191031 St. Petersburg, Russia.; Laboratory of Arctic Medicine, Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia., Thomassen Y; Arctic Biomonitoring Laboratory, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia.; National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia.; Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0033 Oslo, Norway., Sorokina T; Arctic Biomonitoring Laboratory, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia., Gorbanev SA; Northwest Public Health Research Center, 191031 St. Petersburg, Russia., Morgunov B; National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia., Gudkov AB; Arctic Biomonitoring Laboratory, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia.; Department of Hygiene and Human Ecology, Northern State Medical University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia., Chashchin M; Laboratory of Arctic Medicine, Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia., Sturlis NV; Arctic Biomonitoring Laboratory, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia., Trofimova A; Arctic Biomonitoring Laboratory, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia., Odland JØ; National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia.; NTNU, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway., Nieboer E; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. |
| Abstrakt: |
The aim of the study was to assess temporal trends in health risks related to most common persistent contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethanes (DDTs), lead (Pb), as well as mercury (Hg) among indigenous peoples living in coastal areas of Chukotka in Arctic Russia. This is examined in relation to exposure pathways and a range of social and behavioral factors capable of modifying the exposure to these contaminants, including place of residence, income, traditional subsistence, alcohol consumption, and awareness of risk prevention. The primary exposure pathway for PCBs is shown to be the intake of traditional foods, which explained as much as 90% of the total health risk calculated employing established risk guidelines. Nearly 50% of past DDT-related health risks also appear to have been contributed by contaminated indoor surfaces involving commonly used DDT-containing insecticides. Individuals who practiced traditional activities are shown to have experienced a 4.4-fold higher risk of exposure to PCBs and a 1.3-fold higher risk for DDTs, Pb, and Hg. Low income, high consumption of marine mammal fat, alcohol consumption, and lack of awareness of health risk prevention are attributed to a further 2- to 6-fold increase in the risk of PCBs exposure. Low socioeconomic status enhances the health risks associated with exposure to the persistent contaminants examined. |
