Osteoarthritis from evolutionary and mechanistic perspectives.

Autor: Tangredi BP; Vermont Institute of Natural Sciences, Quechee, Vermont.; Sustainable Agriculture Program, Green Mountain College, Poultney, Vermont., Lawler DF; Center for American Archaeology, Kampsville, Illinois.; Illinois State Museum, Springfield, Illinois.; Pacific Marine Mammal Center, Laguna Beach, California.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) [Anat Rec (Hoboken)] 2020 Dec; Vol. 303 (12), pp. 2967-2976. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Dec 27.
DOI: 10.1002/ar.24339
Abstrakt: Developmental osteogenesis and the pathologies associated with tissues that normally are mineralized are active areas of research. All of the basic cell types of skeletal tissue evolved in early aquatic vertebrates. Their characteristics, transcription factors, and signaling pathways have been conserved, even as they adapted to the challenge imposed by gravity in the transition to terrestrial existence. The response to excess mechanical stress (among other factors) can be expressed in the pathologic phenotype described as osteoarthritis (OA). OA is mediated by epigenetic modification of the same conserved developmental gene networks, rather than by gene mutations or new chemical signaling pathways. Thus, these responses have their evolutionary roots in morphogenesis. Epigenetic channeling and heterochrony, orchestrated primarily by microRNAs, maintain the sequence of these responses, while allowing variation in their timing that depends at least partly on the life history of the individual.
(© 2019 American Association for Anatomy.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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