"Direct" and "Indirect" Effects of Histone Modifications: Modulation of Sterical Bulk as a Novel Source of Functionality.

Autor: Krajewski WA; N. K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology [Bioessays] 2020 Jan; Vol. 42 (1), pp. e1900136. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Dec 05.
DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900136
Abstrakt: The chromatin-regulatory principles of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are discussed with a focus on the potential alterations in chromatin functional state due to steric and mechanical constraints imposed by bulky histone modifications such as ubiquitin and SUMO. In the classical view, PTMs operate as recruitment platforms for histone "readers," and as determinants of chromatin array compaction. Alterations of histone charges by "small" chemical modifications (e.g., acetylation, phosphorylation) could regulate nucleosome spontaneous dynamics without globally affecting nucleosome structure. These fluctuations in nucleosome wrapping can be exploited by chromatin-processing machinery. In contrast, ubiquitin and SUMO are comparable in size to histones, and it seems logical that these PTMs could conflict with canonical nucleosome organization. An experimentally testable hypothesis that by adding sterical bulk these PTMs can robustly alter nucleosome primary structure is proposed. The model presented here stresses the diversity of mechanisms by which histone PTMs regulate chromatin dynamics, primary structure and, hence, functionality.
(© 2019 WILEY Periodicals, Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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