Long-Term Protection of Rhesus Macaques from Zika Virus Reinfection.

Autor:	Moreno GK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Newman CM; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Koenig MR; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Mohns MS; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Weiler AM; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Rybarczyk S; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Weisgrau KL; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Vosler LJ; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Pomplun N; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Schultz-Darken N; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Rakasz E; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Dudley DM; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Friedrich TC; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., O'Connor DH; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA dhoconno@wisc.edu.; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of virology [J Virol] 2020 Feb 14; Vol. 94 (5). Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Feb 14 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI:	10.1128/JVI.01881-19
Abstrakt:	By the end of the 2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak, it is estimated that there were up to 100 million infections in the Americas. In approximately one in seven infants born to mothers infected during pregnancy, ZIKV has been linked to microcephaly, developmental delays, or other congenital disorders collectively known as congenital Zika syndrome, as well as Guillain-Barré syndrome, in ZIKV-infected adults. It is a global health priority to develop a vaccine against ZIKV that elicits long-lasting immunity; however, the durability of immunity to ZIKV is unknown. Previous studies in mice and nonhuman primates have been crucial in vaccine development but have not defined the duration of immunity generated by ZIKV infection. In this study, we rechallenged five rhesus macaques with ZIKV 22 to 28 months after a primary ZIKV infection. We show that primary ZIKV infection generates high titers of neutralizing antibodies that protect from detectable plasma viremia following rechallenge and persist for at least 22 to 28 months. While additional longitudinal studies are necessary with longer time frames, this study establishes a new experimentally defined minimal length of protective ZIKV immunity. IMPORTANCE ZIKV emerged as a vector-borne pathogen capable of causing illness in infected adults and congenital birth defects in infants born to mothers infected during pregnancy. Despite the decrease in ZIKV cases since the 2015-2016 epidemic, questions concerning the prevalence and longevity of protective immunity have left vulnerable communities fearful that they may become the center of next ZIKV outbreak. Although preexisting herd immunity in regions of past outbreaks may dampen the potential for future outbreaks to occur, we currently do not know the longevity of protective immunity to ZIKV after a person becomes infected. Here, we establish a new experimentally defined minimal length of protective ZIKV immunity. We show that five rhesus macaques initially infected with ZIKV 22 to 28 months prior to rechallenge elicit a durable immune response that protected from detectable plasma viremia. This study establishes a new minimal length of protective immunity. (Copyright © 2020 American Society for Microbiology.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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