Temporally varying disruptive selection in the medium ground finch ( Geospiza fortis ).

Autor:	Beausoleil MO; Department of Biology and Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 0C4., Frishkoff LO; Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA., M'Gonigle LK; Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby BC V5A 1S6, Canada., Raeymaekers JAM; Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway., Knutie SA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA., De León LF; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.; Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología, Panama., Huber SK; Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, USA., Chaves JA; Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador.; Galápagos Science Center, Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, Galápagos, Ecuador., Clayton DH; School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, 84112 UT, USA., Koop JAH; Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, 1425 W. Lincoln Hwy., DeKalb, IL 60115, USA., Podos J; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, 221 Morrill Science Center, Amherst, MA, USA., Sharpe DMT; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA., Hendry AP; Department of Biology and Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 0C4., Barrett RDH; Department of Biology and Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 0C4.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings. Biological sciences [Proc Biol Sci] 2019 Dec 04; Vol. 286 (1916), pp. 20192290. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Dec 04.
DOI:	10.1098/rspb.2019.2290
Abstrakt:	Disruptive natural selection within populations exploiting different resources is considered to be a major driver of adaptive radiation and the production of biodiversity. Fitness functions, which describe the relationships between trait variation and fitness, can help to illuminate how this disruptive selection leads to population differentiation. However, a single fitness function represents only a particular selection regime over a single specified time period (often a single season or a year), and therefore might not capture longer-term dynamics. Here, we build a series of annual fitness functions that quantify the relationships between phenotype and apparent survival. These functions are based on a 9-year mark-recapture dataset of over 600 medium ground finches ( Geospiza fortis ) within a population bimodal for beak size. We then relate changes in the shape of these functions to climate variables. We find that disruptive selection between small and large beak morphotypes, as reported previously for 2 years, is present throughout the study period, but that the intensity of this selection varies in association with the harshness of environment. In particular, we find that disruptive selection was strongest when precipitation was high during the dry season of the previous year. Our results shed light on climatic factors associated with disruptive selection in Darwin's finches, and highlight the role of temporally varying fitness functions in modulating the extent of population differentiation.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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