Tuning the performance of CAR T cell immunotherapies.

Autor: Richardson NH; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA., Luttrell JB; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA., Bryant JS; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA., Chamberlain D; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA., Khawaja S; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA., Neeli I; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA., Radic M; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA. mradic@uthsc.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC biotechnology [BMC Biotechnol] 2019 Nov 29; Vol. 19 (1), pp. 84. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Nov 29.
DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0576-9
Abstrakt: Background: Simultaneous advances in gene editing, T cell engineering and biotechnology currently provide an opportunity for rapid progress in medicine. The approval of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Commission have generated substantial momentum for these first-in-class therapies to be used in patients with B cell malignancies.
Main Body: Considerable efforts focus on improved outcomes and reduced side effects of the newly approved therapies. Using innovative strategies, researchers aim to extend CAR T cell use to tackle difficulties inherent in solid tumors. Efforts are underway to broaden the applications of CAR T cells, and the strategy has been successful in chronic viral infections and preclinical models of autoimmunity. Research is in progress to generate "off-the-shelf" CAR T cells, an advance, which would greatly increase patient availability and reduce treatment cost.
Conclusions: In this thematic review, we highlight advances that may help develop genetically engineered cells into a new category of medical therapies.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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