| Autor: |
Wingelaar TT; Diving and Submarine Medical Center, Royal Netherlands Navy, Rijkszee en Marinehaven, 1780 CA Den Helder, The Netherlands.; Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Brinkman P; Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands., de Vries R; Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Breathomix, Pascalstraat 13H, 2811 EL Reeuwijk, the Netherlands., van Ooij PAM; Diving and Submarine Medical Center, Royal Netherlands Navy, Rijkszee en Marinehaven, 1780 CA Den Helder, The Netherlands.; Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Hoencamp R; Department of Surgery, Alrijne Hospital, Simon Smitweg 1, 2353 GA Leiderdorp, The Netherlands.; Defense Healthcare Organisation, Ministry of Defence, Herculeslaan 1, 3584 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands.; Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands., Maitland-van der Zee AH; Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Hollmann MW; Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands., van Hulst RA; Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
| Abstrakt: |
Exposure to oxygen under increased atmospheric pressures can induce pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). Exhaled breath analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has revealed that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are associated with inflammation and lipoperoxidation after hyperbaric-hyperoxic exposure. Electronic nose (eNose) technology would be more suited for the detection of POT, since it is less time and resource consuming. However, it is unknown whether eNose technology can detect POT and whether eNose sensor data can be associated with VOCs of interest. In this randomized cross-over trial, the exhaled breath from divers who had made two dives of 1 h to 192.5 kPa (a depth of 9 m) with either 100% oxygen or compressed air was analyzed, at several time points, using GC-MS and eNose. We used a partial least square discriminant analysis, eNose discriminated oxygen and air dives at 30 min post dive with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 79.9% (95%CI: 61.1-98.6; p = 0.003). A two-way orthogonal partial least square regression (O2PLS) model analysis revealed an R² of 0.50 between targeted VOCs obtained by GC-MS and eNose sensor data. The contribution of each sensor to the detection of targeted VOCs was also assessed using O2PLS. When all GC-MS fragments were included in the O2PLS model, this resulted in an R² of 0.08. Thus, eNose could detect POT 30 min post dive, and the correlation between targeted VOCs and eNose data could be assessed using O2PLS. |
