Sensory cortical control of movement.

Autor: Karadimas SK; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Spyros.Karadimas@mail.utoronto.ca.; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Spyros.Karadimas@mail.utoronto.ca., Satkunendrarajah K; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. KajanaS@mcw.edu.; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA. KajanaS@mcw.edu., Laliberte AM; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada., Ringuette D; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; The Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Weisspapir I; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Li L; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Gosgnach S; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada., Fehlings MG; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Michael.Fehlings@uhn.ca.; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Michael.Fehlings@uhn.ca.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature neuroscience [Nat Neurosci] 2020 Jan; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 75-84. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Nov 18.
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0536-7
Abstrakt: Walking in our complex environment requires continual higher order integrated spatiotemporal information. This information is processed in the somatosensory cortex, and it has long been presumed that it influences movement via descending tracts originating from the motor cortex. Here we show that neuronal activity in the primary somatosensory cortex tightly correlates with the onset and speed of locomotion in freely moving mice. Using optogenetics and pharmacogenetics in combination with in vivo and in vitro electrophysiology, we provide evidence for a direct corticospinal pathway from the primary somatosensory cortex that synapses with cervical excitatory neurons and modulates the lumbar locomotor network independently of the motor cortex and other supraspinal locomotor centers. Stimulation of this pathway enhances speed of locomotion, while inhibition decreases locomotor speed and ultimately terminates stepping. Our findings reveal a novel pathway for neural control of movement whereby the somatosensory cortex directly influences motor behavior, possibly in response to environmental cues.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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