Identification, molecular characterization and functional analysis of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-2like (IL-2L) cytokines in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.).

Autor: Buonocore F; Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, 05100 Viterbo, VT, Italy. Electronic address: fbuono@unitus.it., Gerdol M; Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, TS, Italy., Pallavicini A; Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, TS, Italy., Stocchi V; Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, 05100 Viterbo, VT, Italy., Randelli E; Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, 05100 Viterbo, VT, Italy., Belardinelli MC; Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, 05100 Viterbo, VT, Italy., Miccoli A; Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, 05100 Viterbo, VT, Italy., Saraceni PR; Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, 05100 Viterbo, VT, Italy., Secombes CJ; Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK., Scapigliati G; Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, 05100 Viterbo, VT, Italy., Wang T; Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cytokine [Cytokine] 2020 Feb; Vol. 126, pp. 154898. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Nov 06.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154898
Abstrakt: In mammals, interleukin (IL)-2, initially known as a T-cell grow factor, is an immunomodulatory cytokine involved in the proliferation of T cells upon antigen activation. In bony fish, some IL-2 orthologs have been identified, but, recently, an additional IL-2like (IL-2L) gene has been found. In this paper, we report the presence of these two divergent IL-2 isoforms in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Genomic analyses revealed that they originated from a gene duplication event, as happened in most percomorphs. These two IL-2 paralogs show differences in the amino acid sequence and in the exon 4 size, and these features could be an indication that they bind preferentially to different specific IL-2 receptors. Sea bass IL-2 paralogs are highly expressed in gut and spleen, which are tissues and organs involved in fish T cell immune functions, and the two cytokines could be up-regulated by both PHA stimulation and vaccination with a bacterial vaccine, with IL-2L being more inducible. To investigate the functional activities of sea bass IL-2 and IL-2L we produced the corresponding recombinant molecules in E. coli and used them to in vitro stimulate HK and spleen leukocytes. IL-2L is able to up-regulate the expression of markers related to different T cell subsets (Th1, Th2 and Th17) and to Treg cells in HK, whereas it has little effect in spleen. IL-2 is not active on these markers in HK, but shows an effect on Th1 markers in spleen. Finally, the stimulation with recombinant IL-2 and IL-2L is also able to induce in vitro proliferation of HK- and spleen-derived leukocytes. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that sea bass possess two IL-2 paralogs that likely have an important role in regulating T cell development in this species and that show distinct bioactivities.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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