MERS-CoV infection is associated with downregulation of genes encoding Th1 and Th2 cytokines/chemokines and elevated inflammatory innate immune response in the lower respiratory tract.

Autor: Alosaimi B; Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: balosaimi@kfmc.med.sa., Hamed ME; College of Science, King Saud University, Department of Botany and Microbiology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Naeem A; Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alsharef AA; General Directorate of Laboratories and Blood Banks, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia., AlQahtani SY; General Directorate of Laboratories and Blood Banks, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia., AlDosari KM; Riyadh Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alamri AA; Riyadh Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Al-Eisa K; Riyadh Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Khojah T; Riyadh Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Assiri AM; Preventive Medicine Assistant Deputyship, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Enani MA; Medical Specialties Department, Section of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cytokine [Cytokine] 2020 Feb; Vol. 126, pp. 154895. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Nov 06.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154895
Abstrakt: MERS-CoV, a highly pathogenic virus in humans, is associated with high morbidity and case fatality. Inflammatory responses have a significant impact on MERS-CoV pathogenesis and disease outcome. However, CD4 + T-cell induced immune responses during acute MERS-CoV infection are barely detectable, with potent inhibition of effector T cells and downregulation of antigen presentation. The local pulmonary immune response, particularly the Th1 and Th2-related immune response during acute severe MERS-CoV infection is not fully understood. In this study, we offer the first insights into the pulmonary gene expression profile of Th1 and Th2-related cytokines/chemokines (Th1 & Th2 responses) during acute MERS-CoV infection using RT 2 Profiler PCR Arrays. We also quantified the expression level of primary inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Our results showed a downregulation of Th2, inadequate (partial) Th1 immune response and high expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1α and IL-1β and the neutrophil chemoattractant chemokine IL-8 (CXCL8) in the lower respiratory tract of MERS-CoV infected patients. Moreover, we identified a high viral load in all included patients. We also observed a correlation between inflammatory cytokines, Th1, and Th2 downregulation and the case fatality rate. Th1 and Th2 response downregulation, high expression of inflammatory cytokines, and high viral load may contribute to lung inflammation, severe infection, the evolution of pneumonia and ARDS, and a higher case fatality rate. Further study of the molecular mechanisms underlying the Th1 and Th2 regulatory pathways will be vital for active vaccine development and the identification of novel therapeutic strategies.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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