Effects of Intake of Apples, Pears, or Their Products on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Autor:	Gayer BA; Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA., Avendano EE; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Center for Clinical Evidence Synthesis, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA., Edelson E; Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA., Nirmala N; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Center for Clinical Evidence Synthesis, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA., Johnson EJ; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA., Raman G; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Center for Clinical Evidence Synthesis, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Current developments in nutrition [Curr Dev Nutr] 2019 Oct 03; Vol. 3 (10), pp. nzz109. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Oct 03 (Print Publication: 2019).
DOI:	10.1093/cdn/nzz109
Abstrakt:	Apples and pears contain nutrients that have been linked to cardiovascular health. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize related research. Medline, Cochrane Central, and Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau databases were searched for publications on apple or pear intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD)/ cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Studies in adults (healthy or at risk for CVD) that quantified apple or pear intake were included. Random-effects models meta-analysis was used when ≥3 studies reported the same outcome. In total, 22 studies were eligible including 7 randomized controlled trial, 1 nonrandomized trial, and 14 prospective observational studies. In RCTs, apple intake significantly decreased BMI, but made no difference in body weight, serum lipids, blood glucose, or blood pressure. In observational studies, apple or pear intake significantly decreased risk of cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular death, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all-cause mortality. No association was reported for cerebral infarction or intracerebral hemorrhage. In conclusion, apple or pear intake significantly decreased BMI and risk for CVD outcomes. (Copyright © The Author(s) 2019.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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