Focus on the essentials: tryptophan metabolism and the microbiome-gut-brain axis.

Autor: Gheorghe CE; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Martin JA; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Manriquez FV; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Dinan TG; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Cryan JF; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Clarke G; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: g.clarke@ucc.ie.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Current opinion in pharmacology [Curr Opin Pharmacol] 2019 Oct; Vol. 48, pp. 137-145. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Oct 14.
DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.08.004
Abstrakt: The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract, in which serotonin (5-HT) functions as a key neurotransmitter. Recent research has increasingly concentrated on tryptophan, the precursor to 5-HT and on the microbial regulation of tryptophan metabolism, with an emphasis on host-microbe control over kynurenine pathway metabolism and microbial-specific pathways that generate bioactive tryptophan metabolites. Here, we critically assess recent progress made towards a mechanistic understanding of the microbial regulation of tryptophan metabolism and microbiota-gut-brain axis homeostasis highlighting the role tryptophan metabolism plays in preclinical and clinical neuroscience and in the challenge to improve our understanding of how perturbed tryptophan metabolism contributes to stress-related psychiatric disorders.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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