Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) filaments three-dimensional (3-D) printer emissions-induced cell toxicity.

Autor: Farcas MT; Pathology and Physiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA; Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: woe7@cdc.gov., Stefaniak AB; Field Studies Branch, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: boq9@cdc.gov., Knepp AK; Field Studies Branch, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: ydt0@cdc.gov., Bowers L; Field Studies Branch, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: mju3@cdc.gov., Mandler WK; Pathology and Physiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: oex1@cdc.gov., Kashon M; Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: mqk1@cdc.gov., Jackson SR; Exposure Assessment Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: yif8@cdc.gov., Stueckle TA; Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: jux5@cdc.gov., Sisler JD; Pathology and Physiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: sislerj@gmail.com., Friend SA; Pathology and Physiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: shf8@cdc.gov., Qi C; Engineering and Physical Hazards Branch, Division of Applied Research & Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Electronic address: hif1@cdc.gov., Hammond DR; Engineering and Physical Hazards Branch, Division of Applied Research & Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Electronic address: ahz0@cdc.gov., Thomas TA; Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Rockville, MD, USA. Electronic address: tthomas@cpsc.gov., Matheson J; Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Rockville, MD, USA. Electronic address: jmatheson@cpsc.gov., Castranova V; Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: vcastran@hsc.wvu.edu., Qian Y; Pathology and Physiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. Electronic address: yaq2@cdc.gov.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Toxicology letters [Toxicol Lett] 2019 Dec 15; Vol. 317, pp. 1-12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Sep 25.
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.013
Abstrakt: During extrusion of some polymers, fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3-D printers emit billions of particles per minute and numerous organic compounds. The scope of this study was to evaluate FFF 3-D printer emission-induced toxicity in human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC). Emissions were generated from a commercially available 3-D printer inside a chamber, while operating for 1.5 h with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or polycarbonate (PC) filaments, and collected in cell culture medium. Characterization of the culture medium revealed that repeat print runs with an identical filament yield various amounts of particles and organic compounds. Mean particle sizes in cell culture medium were 201 ± 18 nm and 202 ± 8 nm for PC and ABS, respectively. At 24 h post-exposure, both PC and ABS emissions induced a dose dependent significant cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, necrosis, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in SAEC. Though the emissions may not completely represent all possible exposure scenarios, this study indicate that the FFF could induce toxicological effects. Further studies are needed to quantify the detected chemicals in the emissions and their corresponding toxicological effects.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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