Predicting psychosis risk using a specific measure of cognitive control: a 12-month longitudinal study.

Autor:	Guo JY; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Imaging Research Center, the University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.; Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, the University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA., Niendam TA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Imaging Research Center, the University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA., Auther AM; Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore - Long Island Jewish Health System (NS-LIJHS), Glen Oaks, NY, USA., Carrión RE; Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore - Long Island Jewish Health System (NS-LIJHS), Glen Oaks, NY, USA., Cornblatt BA; Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore - Long Island Jewish Health System (NS-LIJHS), Glen Oaks, NY, USA., Ragland JD; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Imaging Research Center, the University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA., Adelsheim S; Stanford University, Boston, USA., Calkins R; Mid-Valley Behavioral Care Network, Marion County Health Department, Salem, Oregon, USA., Sale TG; Regional Research Institute for Human Services, Portland State University, Oregon, USA., Taylor SF; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA., McFarlane WR; Regional Research Institute for Human Services, Portland State University, Oregon, USA.; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA., Carter CS; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Imaging Research Center, the University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.; Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, the University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Psychological medicine [Psychol Med] 2020 Oct; Vol. 50 (13), pp. 2230-2239. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Sep 11.
DOI:	10.1017/S0033291719002332
Abstrakt:	Background: Identifying risk factors of individuals in a clinical-high-risk state for psychosis are vital to prevention and early intervention efforts. Among prodromal abnormalities, cognitive functioning has shown intermediate levels of impairment in CHR relative to first-episode psychosis and healthy controls, highlighting a potential role as a risk factor for transition to psychosis and other negative clinical outcomes. The current study used the AX-CPT, a brief 15-min computerized task, to determine whether cognitive control impairments in CHR at baseline could predict clinical status at 12-month follow-up. Methods: Baseline AX-CPT data were obtained from 117 CHR individuals participating in two studies, the Early Detection, Intervention, and Prevention of Psychosis Program (EDIPPP) and the Understanding Early Psychosis Programs (EP) and used to predict clinical status at 12-month follow-up. At 12 months, 19 individuals converted to a first episode of psychosis (CHR-C), 52 remitted (CHR-R), and 46 had persistent sub-threshold symptoms (CHR-P). Binary logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression were used to test prediction models. Results: Baseline AX-CPT performance (d-prime context) was less impaired in CHR-R compared to CHR-P and CHR-C patient groups. AX-CPT predictive validity was robust (0.723) for discriminating converters v. non-converters, and even greater (0.771) when predicting CHR three subgroups. Conclusions: These longitudinal outcome data indicate that cognitive control deficits as measured by AX-CPT d-prime context are a strong predictor of clinical outcome in CHR individuals. The AX-CPT is brief, easily implemented and cost-effective measure that may be valuable for large-scale prediction efforts.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu