Apples to apples? Neural correlates of emotion regulation differences between high- and low-risk adolescents.

Autor: Perino MT; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, 4559 Scott Avenue, Suite 1153, St Louis, MO 63110, USA., Guassi Moreira JF; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 502 Portola Plaza, A191 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA., McCormick EM; Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel-Hill, 235 E Cameron Avenue, Room 213D, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA., Telzer EH; Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel-Hill, 235 E Cameron Avenue, Room 213D, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Social cognitive and affective neuroscience [Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci] 2019 Aug 31; Vol. 14 (8), pp. 827-836.
DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsz063
Abstrakt: Adolescence has been noted as a period of increased risk taking. The literature on normative neurodevelopment implicates aberrant activation of affective and regulatory regions as key to inhibitory failures. However, many of these studies have not included adolescents engaging in high rates of risky behavior, making generalizations to the most at-risk populations potentially problematic. We conducted a comparative study of nondelinquent community (n = 24, mean age = 15.8 years, 12 female) and delinquent adolescents (n = 24, mean age = 16.2 years, 12 female) who completed a cognitive control task during functional magnetic resonance imaging, where behavioral inhibition was assessed in the presence of appetitive and aversive socioaffective cues. Community adolescents showed poorer behavioral regulation to appetitive relative to aversive cues, whereas the delinquent sample showed the opposite pattern. Recruitment of the inferior frontal gyrus, medial prefrontal cortex, and tempoparietal junction differentiated community and high-risk adolescents, as delinquent adolescents showed significantly greater recruitment when inhibiting their responses in the presence of aversive cues, while the community sample showed greater recruitment when inhibiting their responses in the presence of appetitive cues. Accounting for behavioral history may be key in understanding when adolescents will have regulatory difficulties, highlighting a need for comparative research into normative and nonnormative risk-taking trajectories.
(© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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