| Autor: |
Kelli HM; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Mehta A; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Tahhan AS; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Liu C; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA.; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA., Kim JH; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Dong TA; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA.; Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Dhindsa DS; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Ghazzal B; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Choudhary MK; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Sandesara PB; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Hayek SS; Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI., Topel ML; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Alkhoder AA; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Martini MA; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Sidoti A; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Ko YA; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA.; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA., Lewis TT; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA., Vaccarino V; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Sperling LS; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA., Quyyumi AA; Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Journal of the American Heart Association [J Am Heart Assoc] 2019 Sep 03; Vol. 8 (17), pp. e013165. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Sep 02. |
| DOI: |
10.1161/JAHA.119.013165 |
| Abstrakt: |
Background Educational attainment is an indicator of socioeconomic status and is inversely associated with coronary artery disease risk. Whether educational attainment level (EAL) among patients with coronary artery disease influences outcomes remains understudied. Methods and Results Patients undergoing cardiac catheterization had their highest EAL assessed using options of elementary/middle school, high school, college, or graduate education. Primary outcome was all-cause mortality and secondary outcomes were a composite of cardiovascular death/non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal myocardial infarction during follow-up. Cox models adjusted for clinically relevant confounders were used to analyze the association of EAL with outcomes. Among 6318 patients (63.5 years, 63% men, 23% black) enrolled, 16%, 42%, 38%, and 4% had received graduate or higher, college, high school, and elementary/middle school education, respectively. During 4.2 median years of follow-up, there were 1066 all-cause deaths, 812 cardiovascular deaths/non-fatal myocardial infarction, and 276 non-fatal myocardial infarction. Compared with patients with graduate education, those in lower EAL categories (elementary/middle school, high school, or college education) had a higher risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratios 1.52 [95% CI 1.11-2.09]; 1.43 [95% CI 1.17-1.73]; and 95% CI 1.26 [1.03-1.53], respectively). Similar findings were observed for secondary outcomes. Conclusions Low educational attainment is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in patients undergoing angiographic coronary artery disease evaluation. The utility of incorporating EAL into risk assessment algorithms and the causal link between low EAL and adverse outcomes in this high-risk patient population need further investigation. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
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