| Autor: |
Kachapulula PW; USDA-ARS Aflatoxin Laboratory, School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.; Plant Pathology Laboratory, School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Science, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Bandyopadhyay R; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria., Cotty PJ; USDA-ARS Aflatoxin Laboratory, School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Frontiers in microbiology [Front Microbiol] 2019 Aug 09; Vol. 10, pp. 1840. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Aug 09 (Print Publication: 2019). |
| DOI: |
10.3389/fmicb.2019.01840 |
| Abstrakt: |
Wild fruits are an important food and income source for many households in Zambia. Non-cultivated plants may be as susceptible as crops to aflatoxin contamination. Concentrations of aflatoxins in commonly consumed wild fruits from markets and characteristics of associated aflatoxin-producers need to be determined to assess the aflatoxin risk posed by handling, processing, storage, and consumption. Samples of Schinziophyton rautanenii ( n = 22), Vangueriopsis lanciflora ( n = 7), Thespesia garckeana ( n = 17), Parinari curatellifolia ( n = 17), Ziziphus spp. ( n = 10), Adansonia digitata ( n = 9), and Tamarindus indica ( n = 23) were assayed for aflatoxin using lateral-flow immunochromatography from 2016 to 2017. Aflatoxins were above Zambia's regulatory limit (10 μg/kg) in S. rautanenii (average = 57 μg/kg), V. lanciflora (average = 12 μg/kg), and T. garckeana (average = 11 μg/kg). The L strain morphotype of Aspergillus flavus was the most frequent member of Aspergillus section Flavi in market samples, although Aspergillus parasiticus and fungi with S morphology were also found. All fruits except T. indica supported both growth (mean = 3.1 × 10 8 CFU/g) and aflatoxin production (mean = 35,375 μg/kg) by aflatoxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi . Innate resistance to aflatoxin producers was displayed by T. indica . For the other fruits, environment and infecting fungi appeared to have the greatest potential to influence aflatoxin concentrations in markets. This is the first report of aflatoxins and aflatoxin-producers on native fruits in Zambia and suggests mitigation is required. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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