Maturation of Brain Microstructure and Metabolism Associates with Increased Capacity for Self-Regulation during the Transition from Childhood to Adolescence.

Autor:	Baron Nelson M; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, California 90027.; Division of Cancer & Blood Diseases., O'Neil SH; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, California 90027.; Division of Neurology.; The Saban Research Institute., Wisnowski JL; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, California 90027.; Department of Radiology.; Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027., Hart D; Institute for the Developing Mind, and., Sawardekar S; Institute for the Developing Mind, and., Rauh V; Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, New York, New York 10025.; Departments of Population and Family Health, and., Perera F; Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, New York, New York 10025.; Environmental Health Sciences, and., Andrews HF; Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025., Hoepner LA; Environmental Health Sciences, and.; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, SUNY Downstate School of Public Health, Brooklyn, New York 11203, and., Garcia W; Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, New York, New York 10025.; Departments of Population and Family Health, and., Algermissen M; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025., Bansal R; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, California 90027.; Institute for the Developing Mind, and., Peterson BS; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, California 90027, bpeterson@chla.usc.edu.; The Saban Research Institute.; Institute for the Developing Mind, and.; Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90027.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience [J Neurosci] 2019 Oct 16; Vol. 39 (42), pp. 8362-8375. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Aug 23.
DOI:	10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2422-18.2019
Abstrakt:	Children ages 9-12 years face increasing social and academic expectations that require mastery of their thoughts, emotions, and behavior. Little is known about the development of neural pathways integral to these improving capacities during the transition from childhood to adolescence. Among 234 healthy, inner-city male and female youth (species Homo sapiens ) 9-12 years of age followed by the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, we acquired diffusion tensor imaging, multiplanar chemical shift imaging, and cognitive measures requiring self-regulation. We found that increasing age was associated with increased fractional anisotropy and decreased apparent diffusion coefficient, most prominently in the frontal and cingulate cortices, striatum, thalamus, deep white matter, and cerebellum. Additionally, we found increasing age was associated with increased N -acetyl-l-aspartate (NAA) in the anterior cingulate and insular cortices, and decreased NAA in posterior cingulate and parietal cortices. Age-associated changes in microstructure and neurometabolite concentrations partially mediated age-related improvements in performance on executive function tests. Together, these findings suggest that maturation of key regions within cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuits subserve the emergence of improved self-regulatory capacities during the transition from childhood to adolescence. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Few imaging studies of normal brain development have focused on a population of inner-city, racial/ethnic minority youth during the transition from childhood to adolescence, a period when self-regulatory capacities rapidly improve. We used DTI and MPCSI to provide unique windows into brain maturation during this developmental epoch, assessing its mediating influences on age-related improvement in performance on self-regulatory tasks. Our findings suggest that rapid maturation of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits, represented as progressive white-matter maturation (increasing FA and increasing NAA, Ch, Cr concentrations accompanying advancing age) in frontal regions and related subcortical projections and synaptic pruning (decreasing NAA, Ch, Cr, Glx) in posterior regions, support age-related improvements in executive functioning and self-regulatory capacities in youth 9-12 years of age. (Copyright © 2019 the authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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