Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus in a Brazilian elderly cohort.

Autor: Zanella RC; National Laboratory for Meningitis and Pneumococcal Infections, Centre of Bacteriology, Institute Adolfo Lutz (IAL), São Paulo, Brazil., Brandileone MCC; National Laboratory for Meningitis and Pneumococcal Infections, Centre of Bacteriology, Institute Adolfo Lutz (IAL), São Paulo, Brazil., Almeida SCG; National Laboratory for Meningitis and Pneumococcal Infections, Centre of Bacteriology, Institute Adolfo Lutz (IAL), São Paulo, Brazil., de Lemos APS; National Laboratory for Meningitis and Pneumococcal Infections, Centre of Bacteriology, Institute Adolfo Lutz (IAL), São Paulo, Brazil., Sacchi CT; Strategic Laboratory, Institute Adolfo Lutz (IAL), São Paulo, Brazil., Gonçalves CR; Strategic Laboratory, Institute Adolfo Lutz (IAL), São Paulo, Brazil., Gonçalves MG; Molecular Biology, Centre of Immunology, Institute Adolfo Lutz (IAL), São Paulo, Brazil., Fukasawa LO; Molecular Biology, Centre of Immunology, Institute Adolfo Lutz (IAL), São Paulo, Brazil., Saraiva MD; Medical Research Laboratory in Aging (LIM 66) of Geriatrics Division of the Clinics Hospital of the University of São Paulo Medical School (GDCH-USPMS), São Paulo, Brazil., Rangel LF; Medical Research Laboratory in Aging (LIM 66) of Geriatrics Division of the Clinics Hospital of the University of São Paulo Medical School (GDCH-USPMS), São Paulo, Brazil., Cunha JLL; Medical Research Laboratory in Aging (LIM 66) of Geriatrics Division of the Clinics Hospital of the University of São Paulo Medical School (GDCH-USPMS), São Paulo, Brazil., Rotta TCA; Medical Research Laboratory in Aging (LIM 66) of Geriatrics Division of the Clinics Hospital of the University of São Paulo Medical School (GDCH-USPMS), São Paulo, Brazil., Douradinho C; Medical Research Laboratory in Aging (LIM 66) of Geriatrics Division of the Clinics Hospital of the University of São Paulo Medical School (GDCH-USPMS), São Paulo, Brazil., Jacob-Filho W; Medical Research Laboratory in Aging (LIM 66) of Geriatrics Division of the Clinics Hospital of the University of São Paulo Medical School (GDCH-USPMS), São Paulo, Brazil., Minamisava R; School of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil., Andrade AL; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2019 Aug 22; Vol. 14 (8), pp. e0221525. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Aug 22 (Print Publication: 2019).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221525
Abstrakt: We aimed to investigate the nasopharyngeal colonization (NPC) by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus in the elderly population and to assess the demographic factors associated with NPC. This was an observational cohort study in which outpatients aged ≥60 years were enrolled from April to August 2017, with a follow-up visit from September through December 2017. Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs were collected, bacteria were detected and isolated, and isolates were subjected to phenotypic and molecular characterization using standard microbiological techniques. At enrolment, the rates of S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), H. influenzae, and S. pneumoniae among 776 elderly outpatients were 15.9%, 2.3%, 2.5%, and 2.2%, respectively. Toxin production was detected in 21.1% of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, and three SCCmec types were identified: II/IIb, IVa, and VI. At the follow-up visit, all carriage rates were similar (p > 0.05) to the rates at enrolment. Most of S. pneumoniae serotypes were not included in pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), except for 7F, 3, and 19A. All strains of H. influenzae were non-typeable. Previous use of antibiotics and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (p < 0.05) were risk factors for S. aureus and MRSA carriage; S. aureus colonization was also associated with chronic kidney disease (p = 0.021). S. pneumoniae carriage was associated with male gender (p = 0.032) and an absence of diabetes (p = 0.034), while not receiving an influenza vaccine (p = 0.049) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.031) were risk factors for H. influenzae colonization. The frailty of study participants was not associated with colonization status. We found a higher S. aureus carriage rate compared with the S. pneumoniae- and H. influenzae-carriage rates in a well-attended population in a geriatric outpatient clinic. This is one of the few studies conducted in Brazil that can support future colonization studies among elderly individuals.
Competing Interests: I declare that this research was supported by Pfizer, Inc (USA) not involving employment, consulting, patents, developing products, marketing products, among others; and I confirm that this does not change our adherence to the PLOS One policies on data material and sharing.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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