Plasma metabolomics profiles suggest beneficial effects of a low-glycemic load dietary pattern on inflammation and energy metabolism.

Autor:	Navarro SL; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA., Tarkhan A; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Shojaie A; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Randolph TW; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA., Gu H; College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Djukovic D; Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Osterbauer KJ; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA., Hullar MA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA., Kratz M; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA., Neuhouser ML; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA., Lampe PD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA., Raftery D; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.; Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Lampe JW; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The American journal of clinical nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] 2019 Oct 01; Vol. 110 (4), pp. 984-992.
DOI:	10.1093/ajcn/nqz169
Abstrakt:	Background: Low-glycemic load dietary patterns, characterized by consumption of whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, are associated with reduced risk of several chronic diseases. Methods: Using samples from a randomized, controlled, crossover feeding trial, we evaluated the effects on metabolic profiles of a low-glycemic whole-grain dietary pattern (WG) compared with a dietary pattern high in refined grains and added sugars (RG) for 28 d. LC-MS-based targeted metabolomics analysis was performed on fasting plasma samples from 80 healthy participants (n = 40 men, n = 40 women) aged 18-45 y. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate differences in response between diets for individual metabolites. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)-defined pathways and 2 novel data-driven analyses were conducted to consider differences at the pathway level. Results: There were 121 metabolites with detectable signal in >98% of all plasma samples. Eighteen metabolites were significantly different between diets at day 28 [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05]. Inositol, hydroxyphenylpyruvate, citrulline, ornithine, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, glutamine, and oxaloacetate were higher after the WG diet than after the RG diet, whereas melatonin, betaine, creatine, acetylcholine, aspartate, hydroxyproline, methylhistidine, tryptophan, cystamine, carnitine, and trimethylamine were lower. Analyses using KEGG-defined pathways revealed statistically significant differences in tryptophan metabolism between diets, with kynurenine and melatonin positively associated with serum C-reactive protein concentrations. Novel data-driven methods at the metabolite and network levels found correlations among metabolites involved in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) degradation, trimethylamine-N-oxide production, and β oxidation of fatty acids (FDR < 0.1) that differed between diets, with more favorable metabolic profiles detected after the WG diet. Higher BCAAs and trimethylamine were positively associated with homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance. Conclusions: These exploratory metabolomics results support beneficial effects of a low-glycemic load dietary pattern characterized by whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, compared with a diet high in refined grains and added sugars on inflammation and energy metabolism pathways. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00622661. (Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu