Biochemical and biological characterization of the Hypanus americanus mucus: A perspective on stingray immunity and toxins.

Autor: Coelho GR; Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, Brazil., Neto PP; Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Brazil., Barbosa FC; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo-UNICID, Brazil., Dos Santos RS; Aquário Acqua Mundo, Brazil., Brigatte P; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo-UNICID, Brazil., Spencer PJ; Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Brazil., Sampaio SC; Laboratório de Fisiopatologia, Instituto Butantan, Brazil., D'Amélio F; Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Brazil., Pimenta DC; Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, Brazil., Sciani JM; Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, Brazil; Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Universidade São Francisco, Brazil. Electronic address: juliana.sciani@usf.edu.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Fish & shellfish immunology [Fish Shellfish Immunol] 2019 Oct; Vol. 93, pp. 832-840. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Aug 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.049
Abstrakt: Stingrays skin secretions are largely studied due to the human envenoming medical relevance of the sting puncture that evolves to inflammatory events, including necrosis. Such toxic effects can be correlated to the biochemical composition of the sting mucus, according to the literature. Fish skin plays important biological roles, such as the control of the osmotic pressure gradient, protection against mechanical forces and microorganism infections. The mucus, on the other hand, is a rich and complex fluid, acting on swimming, nutrition and the innate immune system. The elasmobranch's epidermis is a tissue composed mainly by mucus secretory cells, and marine stingrays have already been described to present secretory glands spread throughout the body. Little is known about the biochemical composition of the stingray mucus, but recent studies have corroborated the importance of mucus in the envenomation process. Aiming to assess the mucus composition, a new non-invasive mucus collection method was developed that focused on peptides and proteins, and biological assays were performed to analyze the toxic and immune activities of the Hypanus americanus mucus. Pathophysiological characterization showed the presence of peptidases on the mucus, as well as the induction of edema and leukocyte recruitment in mice. The fractionated mucus improved phagocytosis on macrophages and showed antimicrobial activity against T. rubrumç. neoformans and C. albicans in vitro. The proteomic analyses showed the presence of immune-related proteins like actin, histones, hemoglobin, and ribosomal proteins. This protein pattern is similar to those reported for other fish mucus and stingray venoms. This is the first report depicting the Hypanus stingray mucus composition, highlighting its biochemical composition and importance for the stingray immune system and the possible role on the envenomation process.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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