Conservation through the lens of (mal)adaptation: Concepts and meta-analysis.
| Autor: | Derry AM; Département des sciences biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada.; Quebec Center for Biodiversity Science Montreal Quebec Canada., Fraser DJ; Quebec Center for Biodiversity Science Montreal Quebec Canada.; Biology Department Concordia University Montreal Quebec Canada., Brady SP; Biology Department Southern Connecticut State University New Haven Connecticut., Astorg L; Département des sciences biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada., Lawrence ER; Biology Department Concordia University Montreal Quebec Canada., Martin GK; Département des sciences biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada., Matte JM; Biology Department Concordia University Montreal Quebec Canada., Negrín Dastis JO; Département des sciences biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada., Paccard A; Redpath Museum and Department of Biology McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada., Barrett RDH; Quebec Center for Biodiversity Science Montreal Quebec Canada.; Redpath Museum and Department of Biology McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada., Chapman LJ; Quebec Center for Biodiversity Science Montreal Quebec Canada.; Redpath Museum and Department of Biology McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada., Lane JE; Department of Biology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada., Ballas CG; Department of Biology Pace University New York New York., Close M; Department of Biology Pace University New York New York., Crispo E; Department of Biology Pace University New York New York. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Evolutionary applications [Evol Appl] 2019 Apr 06; Vol. 12 (7), pp. 1287-1304. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Apr 06 (Print Publication: 2019). |
| DOI: | 10.1111/eva.12791 |
| Abstrakt: | Evolutionary approaches are gaining popularity in conservation science, with diverse strategies applied in efforts to support adaptive population outcomes. Yet conservation strategies differ in the type of adaptive outcomes they promote as conservation goals. For instance, strategies based on genetic or demographic rescue implicitly target adaptive population states whereas strategies utilizing transgenerational plasticity or evolutionary rescue implicitly target adaptive processes . These two goals are somewhat polar: adaptive state strategies optimize current population fitness, which should reduce phenotypic and/or genetic variance, reducing adaptability in changing or uncertain environments; adaptive process strategies increase genetic variance, causing maladaptation in the short term, but increase adaptability over the long term. Maladaptation refers to suboptimal population fitness, adaptation refers to optimal population fitness, and (mal)adaptation refers to the continuum of fitness variation from maladaptation to adaptation. Here, we present a conceptual classification for conservation that implicitly considers (mal)adaptation in the short-term and long-term outcomes of conservation strategies. We describe cases of how (mal)adaptation is implicated in traditional conservation strategies, as well as strategies that have potential as a conservation tool but are relatively underutilized. We use a meta-analysis of a small number of available studies to evaluate whether the different conservation strategies employed are better suited toward increasing population fitness across multiple generations. We found weakly increasing adaptation over time for transgenerational plasticity, genetic rescue, and evolutionary rescue. Demographic rescue was generally maladaptive, both immediately after conservation intervention and after several generations. Interspecific hybridization was adaptive only in the F Competing Interests: None declared. |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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