Adaptation of host transmission cycle during Clostridium difficile speciation.

Autor: Kumar N; Host-Microbiota Interactions Laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. nk6@sanger.ac.uk., Browne HP; Host-Microbiota Interactions Laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK., Viciani E; Host-Microbiota Interactions Laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK., Forster SC; Host-Microbiota Interactions Laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.; Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia., Clare S; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK., Harcourt K; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK., Stares MD; Host-Microbiota Interactions Laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK., Dougan G; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK., Fairley DJ; Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern, Ireland., Roberts P; University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK., Pirmohamed M; University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK., Clokie MRJ; Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK., Jensen MBF; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark., Hargreaves KR; Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK., Ip M; Department of Microbiology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong., Wieler LH; Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany., Seyboldt C; Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health (Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut), Jena, Germany., Norén T; Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Örebro University Hospital Örebro, Örebro, Sweden., Riley TV; Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.; School of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia., Kuijper EJ; Section Experimental Bacteriology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands., Wren BW; Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK., Lawley TD; Host-Microbiota Interactions Laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. tl2@sanger.ac.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature genetics [Nat Genet] 2019 Sep; Vol. 51 (9), pp. 1315-1320. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Aug 12.
DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0478-8
Abstrakt: Bacterial speciation is a fundamental evolutionary process characterized by diverging genotypic and phenotypic properties. However, the selective forces that affect genetic adaptations and how they relate to the biological changes that underpin the formation of a new bacterial species remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the spore-forming, healthcare-associated enteropathogen Clostridium difficile is actively undergoing speciation. Through large-scale genomic analysis of 906 strains, we demonstrate that the ongoing speciation process is linked to positive selection on core genes in the newly forming species that are involved in sporulation and the metabolism of simple dietary sugars. Functional validation shows that the new C. difficile produces spores that are more resistant and have increased sporulation and host colonization capacity when glucose or fructose is available for metabolism. Thus, we report the formation of an emerging C. difficile species, selected for metabolizing simple dietary sugars and producing high levels of resistant spores, that is adapted for healthcare-mediated transmission.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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