Toxicity, attraction, and repellency of toxic baits to stingless bees Plebeia emerina (Friese) and Tetragonisca fiebrigi (Schwarz) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini).

Autor: Padilha AC; Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: acostapadilha08@gmail.com., Piovesan B; Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil., Morais MC; Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil., Arioli CJ; Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Corporation of Santa Catarina (EPAGRI), 88600-000, São Joaquim, SC, Brazil., Zotti MJ; Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil., Grützmacher AD; Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil., Botton M; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Embrapa Grape & Wine, P.O. Box 130, 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety [Ecotoxicol Environ Saf] 2019 Nov 15; Vol. 183, pp. 109490. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Aug 06.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109490
Abstrakt: Toxic bait formulations have been one of the main strategies used in apple orchards in southern Brazil for the control of South American fruit fly. However, its effects on the stingless bees Plebeia emerina (Friese) and Tetragonisca fiebrigi (Schwarz) are unknown. This study aimed to assess the toxicity, attraction and repellency of food lures and toxic baits on P. emerina and T. fiebrigi. We evaluated the food lures Anamed® (pure), Biofruit® (3%), Flyral® (1.25%), Sugarcane molasses (7%) and Samaritá Tradicional® (3%), in toxic baits formulations associated with spinosad (Tracer® 480SC) and malathion (Malathion® 1000EC), and the ready-to-use toxic baits Success® 0.02CB and Gelsura®. We obtained the mean lethal concentration (LC 50 ) and the mean survival of workers after exposure to toxic bait formulations. In the field, we carried out attraction and repellency tests of toxic baits to foraging. The food lures associated with malathion and spinosad showed different levels of toxicity to P. emerina and T. fiebrigi. Sugarcane molasses and Samaritá Tradicional® associated with spinosad showed high toxicity, with LC 50 values of 6.92 and 10.61 ng/μL diet to P. emerina, and of 4.37 and 15.48 ng/μL diet to T. fiebrigi, respectively. Gelsura® and food lures with malathion caused rapid workers mortality, with mean survival less than 3 h after exposure. No toxic bait formulation was attractive to P. emerina foragers in the field. Anamed®, Gelsura®, and Success® were repellent to P. emerina foragers.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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