Black carbon lofts wildfire smoke high into the stratosphere to form a persistent plume.

Autor: Yu P; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. pengfei.yu@colorado.edu.; Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA.; Institute for Environment and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China., Toon OB; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA., Bardeen CG; National Center for Atmospheric Research, Atmospheric Chemistry Division, Boulder, CO, USA., Zhu Y; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA., Rosenlof KH; Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA., Portmann RW; Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA., Thornberry TD; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.; Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA., Gao RS; Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA., Davis SM; Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA., Wolf ET; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.; Virtual Planetary Laboratory, Seattle, WA 98195, USA., de Gouw J; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA., Peterson DA; Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA 93943, USA., Fromm MD; Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA., Robock A; Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2019 Aug 09; Vol. 365 (6453), pp. 587-590.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aax1748
Abstrakt: In 2017, western Canadian wildfires injected smoke into the stratosphere that was detectable by satellites for more than 8 months. The smoke plume rose from 12 to 23 kilometers within 2 months owing to solar heating of black carbon, extending the lifetime and latitudinal spread. Comparisons of model simulations to the rate of observed lofting indicate that 2% of the smoke mass was black carbon. The observed smoke lifetime in the stratosphere was 40% shorter than calculated with a standard model that does not consider photochemical loss of organic carbon. Photochemistry is represented by using an empirical ozone-organics reaction probability that matches the observed smoke decay. The observed rapid plume rise, latitudinal spread, and photochemical reactions provide new insights into potential global climate impacts from nuclear war.
(Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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