Intracardiac Turbines Suitable for Catheter-Based Implantation-An Approach to Power Battery and Leadless Cardiac Pacemakers?
| Autor: | Haeberlin A, Rosch Y, Tholl MV, Gugler Y, Okle J, Heinisch PP, Reichlin T, Burger J, Zurbuchen A |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering [IEEE Trans Biomed Eng] 2020 Apr; Vol. 67 (4), pp. 1159-1166. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jul 30. |
| DOI: | 10.1109/TBME.2019.2932028 |
| Abstrakt: | Objective: Cardiac pacemakers are powered by batteries, which become exhausted after a few years. This is a problem in particular for leadless pacemakers as they are difficult to explant. Thus, autonomous devices powered by energy harvesters are desired. Methods: We developed an energy harvester for endocardial implantation. The device contains a microgenerator to convert a flexible turbine runner's rotation into electrical energy. The turbine runner is driven by the intracardiac blood flow; a magnetic coupling allows hermetical sealing. The energy harvester has a volume of 0.34 cm 3 and a weight of 1.3 g. Computational simulations were performed to assess the hemodynamic impact of the implant. The device was studied on a mock circulation and an in vivo trial was performed in a domestic pig. Results: In this article, we show that an energy harvester with a 2-bladed 14-mm-diameter turbine runner delivers 10.2 ± 4.8 μW under realistic conditions (heart rate 80/min, stroke volume 75 ml) on the bench. An increased output power (>80 μW) and power density (237.1 μW/cm 3 ) can be achieved by higher stroke volumes, increased heart rates, or larger turbine runners. The device was successfully implanted in vivo. Conclusion: The device is the first flow-based energy harvester suitable for catheter-based implantation and provides enough energy to power a leadless pacemaker. Significance: The high power density, the small volume, and the flexible turbine runner blades facilitate the integration of the energy harvester in a pacemaker. This would allow overcoming the need for batteries in leadless pacemakers. |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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